The Affinity Of Diospyros Kaki Thunb.‘Fuyu’ Grafted Onto Different Interstocks

In this study,54 combinations were used,and we systematically investigated early phenotype,physiological-biochemical indexes,stem and grafting union anatomy in Diospyros kaki Thunb.‘Fuyu’ grafted seedlings,using seven types of interstock and four types of native rootstocks.The aim was to use interstocks to improve the affinity of ‘Fuyu’ persimmon grafting onto native rootstocks,to screen suitable combinations with a good phenotype,physiological-biochemical indexes,and compatibility at the grafting union.And to explore the mechanism of interaction in multiple grafting system,comprised by rootstock,interstock,and scion.This paper also to understand the mechanism of affinity in persimmon grafted by anatomical studying at stem and grafting union.Survey results revealed:1.Early morphological traits research shows that,when Diospyros kaki Thunb.‘Luotiantianshi’,Diospyros kaki Thunb.‘Nishimurawase’,or Diospyros kaki Thunb.‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ were used as interstock,plant height,retention rate,and stem diameter were obvious improved than Diospyros kaki var.sylvestris Mak.,Diospyros galucifolia Metc.,or Diospyros oleifera Cheng.grafred on ‘Fuyu’ persimmon,but swell index was significantly decrease.And plants with 10 cm long interstock had a better phenotype,such as plant height and retention rate,than combinations with 25 cm long interstock.Rootstock affected early phenotype in ‘Fuyu’ grafted seedlings,because of the difference in root phenotype.Using Diospyros lotus L.as rootstock,plants had obvious premature aging during the early growth stages.2.There were significant differences between ‘Fuyu’ and Diospyros galucifolia Metc.,Diospyros kaki var.sylvestris Mak.,and Diospyros oleifera Cheng.in proportions of bark area,phloem area,xylem area,pith area,vessel area,and vessel density,but no obvious differences were observed in the proportions of phloem and xylem area,vessel area,and density when using ‘Jirou’,‘Nishimurawase’,and ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’(P<0.05).And graft incompatibility was obvious observed in the controls(compatible index R were 0.612,0.667 and 0.889,respectively).Compatible status at the grafting union was a direct index on growth and physiology of grafted seedlings(comprehensive evaluation Q and R had a significantly negative correlation,and correlation coefficent was –0.924,P<0.01).‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ used as interstock,all combinations had good compatibility at the grafting union(R rang0.056 to 0.167,D = 0).3.Under Diospyros kaki var.sylvestris Mak.,Diospyros galucifolia Metc.,or Diospyros oleifera Cheng rootstok.,used ‘Luotiantianshi’,‘Nishimurawase’ and ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ as interstock,two length of interstock had no difference in 8 physiological-biochemical indexes such as chlorophyll(a+b)content,but chlorophyll(a+b)content,photosynthetic rate(Pn),leaf soluble sugar content,leaf soluble protein content,SOD content,root activity,and root soluble sugar content were higher than observed in the controls,however,leaf MDA content was significantly less than in the controls(P<0.05).Using Diospyros.lotus L.as rootstock,plants had obvious premature aging in physiology.4.The optimum combinations were Diospyros Galucifolia Metc./ 10 cm ‘Luotiantianshi’ / ‘Fuyu’ and Diospyros Galucifolia Metc./ 10 cm ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ / ‘Fuyu’,and comprehensive evaluation were 4.82 and 4.69,respectively.Under the same interstock and length,Q was in the following order(according to division of rootstock): Diospyros galucifolia Metc.or Diospyros kaki var.sylvestris Mak.> Diospyros oleifera Cheng.> Diospyros.lotus L.And plants growth better when the length of the interstock was 10 cm.Comprehensive research presents that differences in the organization structure of the stem was one of the main reasons leading to graft incompatibility,between ‘Fuyu’ scion and Diospyros kaki var.sylvestris Mak.,Diospyros galucifolia Metc.,or Diospyros oleifera Cheng.rootstok.These caused diverse morphological and physiological effects,due to the special spatial position of interstock,and affinity differences with scion or rootstocks.Analyses revealed ‘Fuyu’ grafted seedlings has good compatibility at the grafting union when using ‘Nantongxiaofangshi’ or ‘Nishimurawase’ as the interstock,this will promote water,nutrients transport between scion and rootstock,thereby improved plant early phenotype and physiological-biochemical characteristics.