| Investigations were conducted at Henan Master Station of Agricultural Technology Extension from 2014-2016.We surveyed the wheat production technology extension and application about 18 cities in Henan,including production status,technology extension status,peasant household differentiation status,the technical demand and the technology extension and application status of wheat.Through the analysis to find out the existing problems,and put forward the countermeasure and suggestion of development.The main results were as follows:(1)In recent years,the yield and per unit yield of wheat steadily increased in Henan Province,but the difference is obvious in different area,and the yield increase potential is also different in different area.The personnel engaged agricultural technology extension have been steadily increased,the system of agricultural technology extension is perfect,the rapid development of diversified technology extension system mainly based on the academies of agricultural sciences and agricultural universities,the development of agricultural,science and education to fully carry out the work of agricultural technology extension.(2)There are two types of wheat growers,including the traditional small-scale farmers and new agricultural business entities.The main labor force of the new type of agricultural management has more advantages compared with the small-scale cultivation of farmers.Through the survey of farmers’ technical demand,the results showed that the agricultural workers of government were the primary subject of farmers,face-to-face is the first choice of farmers.Professional guidance is very important in the production of farmers,farmers are more accustomed to the way that directly and immediately to solve the problems with the fashion of face to face.The breed selection and high yield and efficiency have the highest proportion in the ordinary farmers,and the demands for other technologies are less.But the demands of specializing in large are diverse.The demands for the application of green efficiency technology are low in both types of wheat growers.(3)We investigated the technology of soil preparation,seeding and management during wheat growing.The results indicated that there existed the phenomenon of thestraw was crushed in low quality,excessive amount of straw were kept in field and poor tillage quality.And some of farmers planted wheat using without treated seeds,spreading and using excessive of fertilizer.Wheat seeds were not seeded timely,appropriately at the condition of sufficient moisture.The management of wheat growth period was conducted too early or too late and without unified prevent of insects and pathogens.The results showed that the preparation quality of soil in large wheat grower was better than ordinary farmers.The field management of farmers whose plant area more than 33.33 hectares was relatively extensive and key technical measures could not be implemented sufficiently compared to whose area was lack of33.33 hectares.There was the phenomenon that cultivation of wheat was late and seeding with less moisture in these farmers whose planting area more than 33.33 hectares.(4)By investigating the technology extension and application in wheat planting,we made suggestions for technology extension team,the development of farmers and technology popularizing application,including strengthen the team of professional promotion in the extension workers,improve the overall quality of government service technicians,increase the mobile hotline and mobile APP publicity efforts,develop efficient and efficient production technology.The farmers can get the production technology more fast and convenient to satisfy the needs of their technology by use of these methods.Large wheat grower should develop in appropriate scale,especially their area less than 33.33 hectares,and strengthen the extension and management of seeds to promise the quality of seeds. |
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