On The Space-time Evolution Of Carbon And Nitrogen Emissions And Reduction Potential In The Chinese Three Major Grain Crop Fertilizer Application

It is important to explore a sustainable development way that can ensure food and resources and environment safety, and reduce the emission of carbon and nitrogen in the greatest extent. Based on actual outputs? seeded area and fertilizer inputs and types per mu which are from“Agricultural Costs and Returns Compilations” ? “China Statistical Yearbook”and“China Agriculture Yearbook”in three main grain crop in Chinese different regions over the years and related fertilization data which comes from the“Wheat, corn, rice crop fertilizer recommendations”that Chinese Ministry of Agriculture proposed, using the panel data of the three major grain crop fertilizer application in 2005—2013, this paper analyses the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of carbon and nitrogen emissions from the three main grain crop in China during the past 9 years, estimate carbon and nitrogen emission reduction potential under the condition of soil testing and formula fertilization, shows the part of the planting area is still a lot of carbon and nitrogen emission reduction space, we put forward the potential of carbon and nitrogen emission reduction in grain crop cultivation, through policy incentives and market operation to improve the effect of soil testing and fertilizer application technology. The main results were concluded as follows:( 1) The regional of soil testing and fertilizer application technology have a certain decline in the carbon and nitrogen emissions include: The amount of carbon emission per unit product of Hubei, Shanxi and Ningxia wheat-planting, Anhui, Gansu, Shanxi, Ningxia and Jiangsu maize-growing area and Hunan,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Shandong,Shanxi and Liaoning rice-growing area decreased significantly. The amount of nitrogen emission per unit product of Shanxi wheat-planting,Hebei,Henan and Sichuan maize-growing area and Jiangsu,Hunan,Shanxi,Hubei and Yunnan rice-growing area.( 2)In theory,the areas of carbon emission reduction potential of the three major grain crop in China is:Henan,Hebei,Shandong and Jiangsu wheat-planting,Shanxi,Yunnan,Neimenggu,Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Jilin,Guizhou and Shandong maize-growing area and Anhui, Hunan, Guangxi, Guangdong and Yunnan rice-growing area. The areas of nitrogen emission reduction potential of the three major grain crop in China is:Hebei,Shandong,Henan and Jiangsu wheat-planting,Neimenggu,Shandong,Shanxi and Yunnan maize-growing area and Guangxi,Hunan,Guangdong,Jiangsu and Anhui rice-growing area. The above areas of carbon and nitrogen emission reduction potential will further promote soil testing and formula fertilization technology in the future.