| Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae are two important quarantine pestinsects,they have caused serious damage to palm production and economic losses.Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae have same spectrum of host plants with similar life cycle, damaging parts, and symptoms.to distinguish them more difficultly is due to their similarity in morphology. To develop a fast,easier, simpler technique to recognize Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae is essential for border quanrantine.The paperarticle explored cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae using GC- MS technique.We compare and it was carried out for us to analyse cutitular hydrocarbons profiles from different parts of Octodonta nipae using solid and liquid injection method, respectively, from different stages of two species,impact ofgender, body color, age and geographical population on CHC profiles.The main results are as follows:1. Comparison of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles using solid- and liquidinjection methods In the studycuticular hydrocarbon profils from extraction of 1 or 10 individual pupa(ae) of Octodonta nipae was compared to have19 and 21 components, the latter including all compounds from the former.There was difference.1, 10 extraction liquid obtained The cuticular hydrocarbon content is 0.07-3.85ng/mg from one individual,no significantly higher than the content of 0.04-2.95ng/mg per individual from ten adults(P>0.05). The CHC profils obtained from Octodonta nipae using solid injection and liquid injection was compared to have 20 and 19 components and the content from the former,was 1.63-17.24 ng/mg, significantly higher than that of(0.07-3.85ng/mg) from the latter.It indicated TSP is a easier and simpler tool for insect CHCs analysis.It showes that the cuticular hydrocarbons compostion was 34,33,33,33,32 and 32components from head, thorax, abodem, legs, eltra and wings by TSP, similar to31 components from whole body using liquid injection.2 Analysis of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of individulas from different stages of Brontispa longissima The composition of different stage and puparial case of Brontispa longissima was different. The compostion from female and male adults had 39 components There were 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 20, 21, and 21 components from Eggs,1-5 instar larva,pupa and puparial case.3 Aanalysis of cuticular hydrocarbons in different stage and puparial case of Octodonta nipae The composition of different stage and puparial case of Octodonta nipaeis different. Compositions of different gender of Octodonta nipae adults no significant qualitative differences, is 31.Egg contains 7 cuticular hydrocarbons.The category of cuticle hydrocarbon 1-4 instar larval cuticular hydrocarbons is 10, 11, 15, 19,respectively.The number of cuticular hydrocarbons of pupa and puparial case is 19,14 respectively.4 Comparison of cuticular hydrocarbon profiles from Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae(1) Adult: The analysis of cuticular hydrocarbon profils from two species beetles using liquid injection showed Brontispa longissima contained 39 compoents higher than that(31 componets)from Octodonta nipae. The CHC profiles existed difference between two species(Wilks,?=0.002719,P<0.00001).(2) Eggs, larvae, pupae and puparium:liquid injection method was used to obtain cuticular hydrocarbonsfrom larvae and pupae, and TSP was used for eggs and puparium.Cuticular hydrocarbon profiles from Brontispa longissimaand Octodonta nipae existed significant differences in quality and quantity at each developmental stages(egg, larvae, pupae as well as puparium). The CHC compostion were 10 and7 components from eggs, 12-20 and 10-19 components from 1-5 instar larvae and 1-4 instar larvae, 21 and 19 components from pupae, 21 and 14 components from puparial case of Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipa.5 Impact of body color, age, population on cuticular hydrocarbon profiles.(1) Body color There was 31 components from black- and brown-body color populations or from femal and male there were significantly difference between female and male indiviuals of black body-color population(F=1.79,P=0.12;F=2.54,P=0.02),but no significantly difference between female and male indiviuals of brown body-color population in quantity.(2) A time after emergence or pupation There was 31 componentsof cuticular hydrocarbonsfrom male individuals collected at 1h,15 d and 32 d after emergence. There were difference in quantities of each component from different ages and The cuticular hydrocarbon compositions were significantly different(( F=22.49627, P<0.0001) between 1h and 15 d and significant difference between 15 d and 32d(F=41.01,P<0.0001;F=41.36,P<0.0001).?There was 19 components of cuticular hydrocarbonsfrom male individuals collected at 1h, 4d and 6d after pupation. There were slight difference in quantities of each component fromdifferent ages and the cuticular hydrocarbon composition was not significantly different( F=1.28, P=0.30) between 1h and 4dand significant difference between 4d and 6d(F=3.87,P=0.009)?(3) Geographical population in Brontispa longissima and Octodonta nipae Cuticular hydrocarbons profiles of three Brontispa longissimapopulations from zhangzhou,Fuqing in Fujian province and Guangzhou in Guangdong province and ten populations from Hainan and other locations were comparatively analyzed.Results indicated cuticular hydrocarbon compostion of different geographical populations was qualitatively similar, but different quantitatively in Brontispa longissima or Octodonta nipae.The number of cuticular hydrocarbon components from Octodonta nipae populations in Zhangzhou, Fuqing and Guangzhou is31, 29,and 32,respectively. The farer the distance between population locaitons, the larger the difference was. The number of cuticular hydrocarbons from 10 Brontispa longissimi populations was at the range of 38-40 and there was no clear relation between CHC profiles and diatance. |
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