The Morphology And Cytology Study Of Brassica Napus L. Male Sterile Line 312A

This study aims to use cytological means to reveal rape flower organ morphology,correspondence between the bud and the internal diameter during anther development,and 312A anthers abortive characteristics,etc.to provide effective basis for 312A further use.Tested rapeseed varieties from breeding out of Pol 26A stable sterile line 312A and maintainer line 312B.The main results were as follows:1.Comparison of floral characters:312A and 312B have obvious differences in bud development stage.312B in the process of the whole anther development,the anther has been relatively full,large size,color changed from the original green to mature bright yellow,finally can release a large number of mature pollen.312A in the process of the whole anther development,the anther has been dry,smaller volume,filaments short after mature,cannot release energetic bright yellow pollen.At the same time,the 312 A and 312 B of floral organ morphology difference reached significant level,which including the crown diameter,flower stalk length,leaf length,leaf width,length of filaments and the height of the last four stamens,two weak stamen,four anther length and two weak anther length.2.Compared with Pol,312A relatively early development.When 0.8-1.0cm,Pol is still in the state flower primordia,and 312A have archesporial differentiated cells appear;when 1.0-1.2cm,Pol flower primordia began to develop,312A has differentiated pollen mother cell formation.Spore cells from the original start time of anther abortion 3 12A,belongs to the appearance of buds when the diameter of 2.1-2.6mm,stagnant;Pol bud diameter will continue to increase.Another part of the normal development of the anther to the mononuclear phase,when the bud diameter 312A and 312B in the case of minor differences,bud equal diameter,anther development speed 312 A relatively quickly.The data processing analysis:312A rapeseed abortion rate was 97.5%,including the archesporial of abortion was 60%,the micropowder abortion rate of 25%,the two nuclear issue abortion rate was 12.5%.began to collapse and disappear,produce pollen grains is invalid.3.By rapeseed 312Adifferent development stages of bud slice observation,312A of anthers abortive was divided into three kinds of situation,a total of two types of abortive.Part of anther development stagnation in spore cell period,lead to no pollen sac,belong to have no the abortive pollen sac type.Part of anther development of stagnation in spore period of cell differentiation,vascular tissue abnormalities,and did not develop into ideal butterfly,but appear deformity,belong to have no the abortive pollen sac type,some medicine chamber up to one anther,pollen sac will develop in a small amount of pollen mother cell,the formation of trace pollen grains of the invalid;After another part of anther because of a mitotic division of cytoplasm and an unequal,the lead to develop into a period of 2-uncleate pollen grains.With the further development of the pollen grain,the two nuclei of the nuclear membrane disappeared,nuclear began to collapse,until disappear,form the pollen grain is invalid.