| At the end of the seventies, Chenxing Yan, Tang Mingde, Chen began to systematically investigate and collecte tea germplasm in many provinces of China. In 1985, they began to survey Hunan province tea germplasm which included four main tea germplasms. Rucheng resources is one of the four main tea germplasms where distributed in eastern Nanling mountain besides Jiulong river in the secondary forest (latitude 25.4° east longitude 113.6°), the original Rucheng resource is wild and cultivated latterly by native farmer.Rucheng resource, as one of the four main resources of Hunan province, wasn't investigated systematically. This study based on 104 samples collected form Landong village and screened by morphological features. Using UV spectrophotometer and HPLC to analyze the total amount of amino acids, polyphenols,18 kinds of amino acid components and content as well as composition and content of alkaloids and catechins.At the same time, this study using ISSR markers to mark the conclusion more rational and scientific.1. The analysis of basic biochemistry of Rucheng resource component:The average water extraction of spring and summer is 50%,the average of tea polyphones of spring and summer is 34.48%,the average amino acid of spring and summer is 3.58%; The average amount of Rucheng resource of cocoa alkali, gallic acid, caffeine in spring and summer are 8.18mg/g,10.03mg/g,4.86mg/g, the caffeine amount in spring and summer have stable coefficient variation which is 13.82%, the theobromine and gallic acid variation coefficients are about 30%.2. The catechin component of Rucheng resource in spring and summer are EGC (7.72mg /g), D, LC (20.02mg/g), EC (35.01mg/g), EGCG (99.43mg/g), GCG (42.91mg/g), ECG (33.52mg/g). The average value of the coefficient of variation in spring and summer are EGC (70.98%), D, LC (34.53%), EC (41.8%), EGCG (20.36%), GCG (23.35%), ECG (31.76%).3. The analysis of amino acid composition:This survey uses Accq· Tag amino acid analysis combined with HPLC to analyze the 96 samples in spring and summer of 18 kinds of amino acids and the study results the conclusion as follow:The amino acid content of each plant contain quite different in components and contents, which indicate a wide range of variation; theanine takes a large amount of amino acids, theanine content is quite different within different plants; Top 5 of amino acid content of Rucheng resource are theanine, proline, glutamate, histidine, valine, these amino acids take more than 80% of the total amino acid content; Rucheng resource contains high amount of proline and glutamate, proline coefficient of variation is very low, which indicating that it has a relatively strong resistance. The different levels of the amino acid components of plants illustrate its rich diversity.4. Genetic diversity and relationship of 112 'Rucheng Baimao Cha' strains were analyzed by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 190 bands of which 173 were polymorphic were detected by using 10 ISSR primers, which presented good polymorphism. It indicates that the genetic diversity of 'Rucheng Baimao Cha' is relatively high. After analyzing 190 bands, the conclusions were as follow:The average value of effective number of alleles was 1.42, Nei's gene diversity was 0.2594, and Shannon's information index was 0.4012. The Jaccard similarity coefficient of 112 individuals ranged from 0.37 to 0.83. According to the average value of UPGMA when it is 0.42, all the 112 individuals were divided into nine different groups, and established ISSR genetic relationship dendrogram. The research devotes to establishing a fundamental data and using this resource in a scientific way. |
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