| At present,the planting area of Pummelo in China has reached 1.95 million mu(=130065 hectares),of which Fujian province takes up one third,that is 0.65 million mu(=43355 hectares).Pummelo is a fruit to make mass Pummelo growers rich and well off,however,China now still adopts traditional bare field for planting it.The pattern of traditional barefield will destroy the ecological environment of orchard,resulting in the degeneration of orchard soil and soil erosion,etc,and even depress the growth of fruit trees and decrease the quality of fruit.Sowing grass in orchard is a cultivation mode widely used in developed countries,which can improve orchard ecological environment,promote the growth of fruit trees and improve the quality of fruit.Therefore,This paper chooses 6 different forage pomelo orchard intercropping were studied,to provide theoretical basis for sustainable and efficient cultivation mode of pomelo garden.The research is conducted in Pinghe county,the main planting area of Pummelo in Fujian province.Many different species of grass has been planted,such as Vigna sinensis Sari Var,Cassia rotundifolia cv.Wynn,Vicia gigantea Bge,Medicago sativa L.,Paspalum wettsteinii Hackel.,and Paspalum natatu.With clean tillage as control,determination of air temperature and humidity,soil physicochemical properties,pomelo orchard fruit growth and fruit quality of large amounts of data,analysis of the differences between grass and forage varieties of different tillage and effect,the specific results are as follows:1、To get the law of grass effect on the microclimate of the pomelo garden.Pomelo orchard,can reduce orchard air temperature at high temperature,is reduced up to 1 DEG C,and can weaken the air temperature fluctuations,play a buffer effect;increase the air humidity,in the sunny day,the highest can reach 8.55%;reduce the orchard air temperature,and the higher temperature,the cooling effect is more obvious;improve orchard soil the water content,The Paspalum wettsteinii maximum up to 25.89%.2、clear grass on soil properties of pomelo garden.Pomelo orchard can make strong acidic soil improvement trend,which chamaecristarotundifolia improved most significantly;can significantly increase the content of soil organic matter,which were in the 0-60cm layer can be increased by 62.65%;the orchard grass will significantly increase soil nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content,including legumes due to its roots with the effect of nitrogen fixation,so the total nitrogen and available nitrogen content in superior forage grasses,and better than legumes on soil available phosphorus content.3、test results show that the pomelo orchard can significantly improve the content of soil microbial biomass and soil enzyme activities,including planting legumes in bacteria,fungi and improve the content of urease activity in grasses,and planting grasses in improving actinomycetes content and sucrase activity were better than those of legumes4、get the influence of growing grass on the growth and fruit quality of pomelo.(1)pomelo orchard to fruit trees increased the photosynthetic rate of Paspalum wettsteinii increased most significantly,but also relieve the cooperation with the sun "midday depression";(2)effect on growth of pomelo orchard grass shoots,which in addition to vetch has a trend to inhibit the growth of fruit trees and other species can obviously promote the growth of fruit shoots;(3)grass orchard can increase the quality of pomelo,pomelo can significantly improve fruit weight,edible rate,soluble solids,soluble sugar content and Vc content,but also reduce the soluble acid content of fruits the.5、comprehensive grass on grapefruit garden microclimate,soil properties,soil microorganism and enzyme activity,evaluate the effects of growth and fruit quality of grapefruit tree,screening out the most suitable pomelo garden interplanting herbage,the most obvious that chamaecristarotundifolia effect,followed by alfalfa and Paspalum wettsteinii. |
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