Research On The Rhizosphere Nutrition And Microorganism In Foxtail Millet

Setaria italica is specialty food in China and Shanxi province is one of the main production areas. Rhizosphere microorganisms, rhizosphere soil factor and agronomic characteristics have direct impact on crop growth and development. In this experiment, we used Jingu 21(JG21), Qin Huang 2(QH) and Jingu 21D(JG21D), which was a mutant induced from JG21 by EMS in our laboratory, to investigate the correlation among yield, agronomic characteristics, environmental change of rhizosphere nutrition and rhizosphere microorganisms diversity of three varieties of Setaria italica during the growth periods. The main results are as follows:We evaluated the entire growth periods, there were significantly differences in agronomic trait among different varieties of foxtail millet. The result showed that widths and number of leaf in JG21D were the highest among the three varieties during the whole growth period, whereas its height was much lower than JG21 and QH. JG21D has 2-3 tillers plants in average. In terms of yield, there were more significant differences among these three varieties. The panicel weight of these varieties showed the order of JG21> JG21D> QH. However, due to the ability of tillering, JG21D was much higher than the other two varieties in yield per plant.The difference in rhizosphere soil nutrients of three varieties were significant. Even at different growth period the rhizosphere soil nutrients were different. The three species did not show much difference in the rhizosphere soil with the moisture content. JG21 and JG21D was closer in the rhizosphere soil with the N P K content, whereas QH is quite different with the other two varieties in the rhizosphere soil with the N P K content.We compared rhizosphere soil bacteria community, fungi community and their genetic diversity at the different growth stages in foxtail millet by PCR-DGGE, and found that there is a big difference in all varieties of different growth periods in rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities, species number and structure. All varieties of rhizosphere fungi communities in each growth period, its diversity, evenness, abundance, were higher than its bacterial flora. Overall, with the growth of all varieties, rhizosphere bacterial diversity and abundance increased. Whereas increase over short periods in the diversity and abundance of rhizosphere fungi only appears in seedling and jointing stage, the rest period has been decreasing. The evenness of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi showed an increasing trend after decline in three varieties of foxtail millet.