| In order to explore the cultivation technology of higher vigor seed production of rice (Oryza sativa L.), the field experiments of seed production with hybrid combination of ? You 416 (?-32A/R416) and ? You 838 (?-32A/R838),and conventional rice variety Huanghuazhan was conducted in Yong'an town, Liuyang county and Wuyang town, Suining county, Hunan province in 2015. Plant sites, planting density, nitrogen fertilizer rate, growth regulators, harvesting and drying methods had been measured to analyzed the influences on rice seed yield and seed vigor. The main results of the study were shown as follows:1. Different sites had a significant influence on seed yield and seed vigor. There was a highly significant differences on yield of ? You 838 (?-32A/R838) among the tested three sites including Yong'an site, Suining site and Guidong site. The result showed that Guidong site got the highest seed yield due to the highest number of panicles and seed-setting rate; Suining site had the intermediate level; while Yong'an site had the lowest. The germination rate, germination energy of ? You 838 showed Guidong>Suining>Yong'an, while the order of germination index and vigor index was Suining> Guidong> Yong'an. The vigor and the yield of hybrid seed produced at plain-hilly site Yong'an were significantly lower than those at the two mountain sites Guidong and Suining site.2. The nitrogen application rate had a significant impact on the hybrid rice ? You 416 (?-32A/R416) seed grain yield and seed vigor. And the treatment of 180kg N/hm2 was the most suitable nitrogen application rate among the N rates of 0?270kg N/hm2 for high yield and high energy seed production. The plant density for the female had no significant effects on F1 seed vigor. However the planting density of 56×104 hills/hm2(13.3 cm×13.3 cm) was significantly better than the other two planting densities in seed germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor index.3. The seed yield and seed vigor of Huanghuazhan were significantly correlated with the transplanting density and nitrogen rate as well. The treatment of 270kg N/hm2 was the most suitable nitrogen application rates range as 0?270 kg N/hm2 to get the high seed yield. In addition, the yield was highest in planting density 17×104 hills per hectare among the densities of 17×104?36×104 hills per hectare. Comprehensive consider the yield and seed vigor, we recommend that nitrogen application rate 225 kilogram per hectare cooperated with planting density 17×104 hills per hectare can be used for the higher yield and higher vigor seed production for Huanghuazhan.4. Growth regulator treatment after flowering stage could increase seed production and improve seed vigor. Regulator T6?T9 and T13 had a positive impact on increasing grain yield and seed vigor of hybrid rice ? You 416,11 You 838. For the conventional variety Huanghuazhan, the growth regulators T14?T13?T4 and T9 increased the seed yield and seed vigor.5. After-ripening and drying methods had significant influences on rice seed vigor. Compared with normal harvesting, the after-ripening treatment got a higher level of seed germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor index. The seed vigor index under after-ripening treatment was 22.3% and 17.4% higher than that under normal harvesting respectively for hybrid rice ? You 416 and conventional rice Huanghuazhan.The result of different drying treatments showed that seed germination rate, germination energy, germination index and vigor index were characterized by that the air drying, sun drying were both higher than the machine drying. The germination rate and germination energy of air drying were significantly higher than that of machine drying.And the relationship between the seed yield and the seed vigor, the key technique procedure for high vigor seed production were discussed in this paper. |
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