| In recent years,people are increasingly demanding food,more emphasis on the taste and taste,and the people side effects of the smallest body,especially people must intake every day of vegetables,not only requires a comprehensive nutrition,but also on the body the side effects are minimal.Therefore,today's pollution-free,green and organic vegetables are increasingly popular with the general public.Biogas contains a lot of nutrients,is a nutrient element,plant conditioner and biological control of the very good farm fertilizer.At present,although the biogas fertilizer has been applied to vegetable cultivation,but there are still excessive fertilization,burning and other issues.In order to find out the biogas digesters in rural households,pig manure and manure are the main fermentation raw materials,and the biogas fertilizer obtained after gas production is applied rationally in vegetable cultivation to improve the economic benefits of growers and protect the social and ecological environment.In this paper,the effects of biogas manure and biogas slurry on the growth,yield,quality,soil nutrient and enzyme activity of tomato were studied by field experiment in the solar greenhouse of Dazhai Town,Yangling District.And the effects of different fertilization on the growth yield,quality and soil nutrient and enzyme activity of greenhouse cucumber were studied by single factor random sampling test.The main results are as follows:?1?Topdressing biogas manure and spraying biogas significantly promoted crop growth.The plant height,stem diameter,leaf number and chlorophyll SPAD value of tomato were the highest when the biogas fertilizer was 75 t·hm-2and the volume fraction was 50%,and the growth of tomato plants was promoted.Biogas manure is better than conventional use of fertilizer.The plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of cucumber increased first and then decreased with the increase of topdressing fertilizer.When the topdressing fertilizer was 37.5t·hm-2,the plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of cucumber reached the maximum.The number of leaves of cucumber increased first and then decreased with the increase of topdressing fertilizer.The number of leaves treated by chemical fertilizers was the highest,followed by 22.5 t·hm-2,Significantly promote the growth of cucumber,and biogas fertilizer to improve the cucumber plant height,stem diameter and leaf area than the conventional use of fertilizer better.?2?Topdressing biogas manure and spraying biogas slurry can significantly improve crop yield.When the biogas fertilizer was 75 t·hm-2 and the volume fraction was 50%,the fruit weight and yield of tomato were the highest.Among them,the tomato yield than the control CK treatment increased by 2.29 kg per square meter,compared with conventional use of fertilizer increased 1.05 kg.When the shrimp fertilizer was 37.5 t·hm-2,the single weight and yield of cucumber were the highest.Among them,the yield of cucumber was 1.69 kg and0.33 kg higher than that of control CK and routine use of chemical fertilizer per square meter.?3?Topdressing biogas manure can improve the quality of fruit in varying degrees.The fruit index?aspect ratio?of tomato fruit increased gradually with the increase of biogas fertilizer and biogas slurry concentration.The fruit index of conventional fertilizer was the largest,followed by CK.When the biogas fertilizer is 75 t·hm-2 and the volume fraction is50%,the quality of tomato is the best.Among them,soluble solids,vitamin C and soluble sugar content were increased by 18.0%,35.1% and 25.8%,respectively,compared with the control CK treatment,which were 4.0%,9.8% and 6.7% higher than those of conventional chemical fertilizers respectively.The contents of soluble protein,vitamin C and soluble sugar in cucumber were the highest when treated with biogas fertilizer at 37.5 t·hm-2,which were70.63%,88.1% and 32.52% higher than those of control CK respectively,which were 31.89%,22.30% and 20.3% higher than those of conventional use.?4?The topdressing amount of biogas fertilizer can improve soil nutrient content and enzyme activity.After the harvest of tomato,the contents of organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil increased with the increase of the amount of biogas fertilizer and the concentration of biogas slurry.The content of soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen increased first and then decreased with the increase of topdressing amount.The activities of urease,sucrase and phosphatase in the soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of the amount of biogas fertilizer and the concentration of biogas slurry.The activity of catalase in the soil decreased with the increase of the amount of biogas fertilizer and the concentration of biogas slurry.After the harvest of cucumber,the content of available organic matter,available phosphorus and available potassium increased with the increase of the amount of biogas fertilizer,and the soil available N increased first and then decreased.The activities of urease,sucrase and phosphatase in the soil increased with the increase of the amount of biogas fertilizer,while the activity of soil catalase was decreasing.In short,the amount of topdressing biogas fertilizer can increase the soil nutrient content and enzyme activity,improve the soil fertility level. |
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