Water Temperature And Yield In Crease Of Spring Maize Under Different Covering Macterials

Northwest corn rain farming area of corn production area accounted for more than 45% of China's dryland corn production area,the area is rich in light and heat resources,less rainfall,evaporation.Plastic film mulching as an important water conservation measures has played an important role in the improvement of maize yield in this area.However,with the increasing global temperature in recent years,the area of corn throughout the use of ordinary white plastic film coverage,resulting in soil temperature is too high,often premature aging,reduce production and other negative problems.Looking for suitable corn high yield,anti-premature failure of the cover material has become the urgent need for corn production in this area.Based on the above factors,this experiment was conducted in Changwu,Shaanxi Province as the experimental point,with Shan Dan 609 varieties as the material,the density of 4,500 plants / mu,set the white cover,black plastic film cover,straw cover,bare ground four treatments.At the same time,the soil water temperature and maize agronomic traits and physiological characteristics were measured under four treatments,and the relationship between them was discussed.The results are as follows:1.There were significant differences in the yield of maize under the treatment of four different covering materials.The yield of three treatments of white plastic film,black plastic film and straw was higher than that of control bare land and maize yield under black plastic film.Black mulching and straw compared with ordinary white plastic film has the effect of effectively reducing the soil temperature,compared with the straw mulching black plastic film can effectively improve the soil water content.Silk root activity and root growth.2.Compared with the straw mulching and ordinary white plastic film,the black plastic film can effectively delay the dryness of maize straw under the cover of water shortage and the increase of corn germination caused by the increase of common white film mulching.3.The soil moisture content of 0-100 cm soil under black mulching and white mulching was basically the same,but there was no significant difference,but both were higher than that of bare landtreatment and straw mulching treatment,which was 12.19% higher than that of straw mulching and 22.80%.The It can be seen that the black plastic film covering has the same water retention effect as the white plastic film covering,and the bare soil and straw cover can obviously improve the soil moisture content,especially in the 0-80 cm soil layer.4.Black mulching,white mulching and straw mulching could significantly promote the growth of maize in dry land,and the leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of maize could be significantly improved.Dry matter accumulation in the order of black plastic film mulching> white plastic film mulching> straw mulching> bare land and black mulching cover effectively increased the photosynthetic green leaf area at the later stage of maize growth and increased the amount of dry matter accumulation.The ideal leaf area dynamics of maize during the whole growing season was fast,the medium-term stabilization time was long and the later stage was slow.Under the four kinds of covering materials,the change of leaf area index of black film was the most suitable for this growth.5.Compared with the white plastic film,the black plastic film can prolong the growth period of the maize,especially the growth time of the silking period to the mature stage,so as to reduce the senescence of the late growth of the maize plant and increase the later reproductive growth and Grouting time,contributed to the increase in grain weight of maize.