Effects Of Planting Pattern And Fertilize Amount On Potato Yield And Nutrient Uptake

Experiments carried out in May 2016 to October in Yulin,Shaanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences "Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,potato experimental demonstration station" field test site(longitude 109 ° 43'E,latitude 38 ° 23'N),field experiment.Using potato as the research object,set up 4 planting patterns(M1 Ridge planting,M2 Ridge covered with furrow furrow planting,M3 Ridge planting,M4 Flat work).3 fertilization level F1,N1P1K1(100-40-150 Kg·hm-2);F2,N2P2K2(150-60-225 Kg·hm-2);F3,N3P3K3(200-80-300 Kg·hm-2)a total of 12 treatments of fertilization under different planting patterns of potato growth,yield,quality,nutrient uptake and soil nutrient,effects of water transport law The main conclusions are as follows.(1)The plant height,stem diameter and the mutual influence between each growth index,starch formation period from seedling to plant height,stem diameter was as follows: Block-slow growth trend,the same planting mode,showed that F3>F2>F1,improve the fertilization level in a certain range,can significantly increase the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index,the effects of different planting patterns on the growth index of different crops,this experiment,under the same fertilization level,ridge planting plant height,stem diameter and leaf area index was significantly higher than the other three planting patterns in crop growth stage,the effect of planting pattern on the growth index of crop fertilization than water Flat,to the later period of crop growth,effect of fertilization levels on the growth index of crops was reflected.Potato leaf area index and chlorophyll content along with the advance of the growth period,showing the first increase and then decrease,because this is slowly maturing late crop growth,the leaves began to decline,influence of fertilization and planting model of leaf area index were significantly different growth stages,the maximum leaf area index at the starch accumulation stage,the relative content of different planting patterns on potato chlorophyll value had no significant impact on 80 D,after colonization began to decline.The growth indices were M1F3 optimal.(2)In this experiment to improve the fertilization level can significantly increase potato yield,dry matter quality is the premise of yield,yield and dry matter is proportional to the crop growth period,has significantly affected the accumulation of planting patterns on dry matter,in the later period,has a significant effect on dry matter accumulation and fertilization level to improve the quality,fertilization significantly increased dry weight,dry weight of low fertilizer crop growth is slow,that in the late increase in fertilizer levels can effectively increase the amount of dry matter accumulation,so the yield effect,yield and composition factors of collaborative development,the potato tuber weight,tuber yield and tuber rate is high a heavy Factor,tuber of potato tuber fertilization on heavy weight,and large commercial potato tuber rate has significant effect,has obvious effects of planting patterns of potato tuber and tuber of potato,the potato rate had significant effect,the yield of potato tuber.The commercial potato and the ratio of big tuber were planted on the ridge high fertilizer to achieve the optimal mode,respectively 52547.74kg/hm21144.16 g,1049.46 g and 51.46%.(3)The number of starch content and vitamin C content are two important indexes for evaluating the quality of potato,this experiment,with the increase of fertilizer,tuber starch content and vitamin C content increased first and then decreased,indicating a certain range of fertilizer can effectively improve the starch content and vitamin C the content of synthesis and excessive fertilization will inhibit the starch and vitamin C,ridge planting and furrow planting more planting mode of film mulching on ridge to increase the content of potato starch content and vitamin C,another indicator for the evaluation of potato quality,reducing sugar content for the overall performance with the increase of fertilizer application And decreased,and flat planting pattern significantly due to other planting patterns,ridge planting and proper fertilization can both yield and quality of two indicators,to meet the production and improve the quality of crops is the research focus of this experiment.(4)Potato leaf nitrogen content during the whole growth period under different treatments were higher in roots,stems and tubers from tubers after tuber formation,phosphorus content is higher than the root,stem,leaf,and the potassium content in the stem and roots,leaves in different growth stage,the content of tubers,and the content of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium all the organs of the plants in different growth stages were first increased and then decreased,improve fertilization significantly increased the nitrogen phosphorus and potassium content of different organs in plants.The content of nitrate nitrogen in soil mainly in the soil depth of 0 40 cm,on the whole,showing a decreasing trend with the increasing of soil depth,the horizontal direction mainly concentrated in the distance of emitter 15 cm,The increase of nitrate nitrogen content in soil with fertilizer increasing,M1 planting pattern of nitrate nitrogen content was significantly higher than that of other planting patterns.The soil moisture mainly in the soil depth of 0cm and 40 cm,and decreased with the increase of soil depth,soil moisture F3 fertilization level was significantly lower than that of F1,F2 fertilization level,high level of fertilization decreased the soil moisture content.