Bryophyte Landscape Resources With Their Application Cases

Bryophytes belong to higher plant taxa,and have been widely used in environmental monitoring,medicines,landscaping and agriculture.Shanghai and the surrounding areas are highly urbanized areas.A study of bryophyte in landscape gardening applications in the region would promote the introduction of bryophyte into market.In this paper,we investigated bryophyte landscape resources,the design and production of bryophyte greening modules,the design and implementation of moss spots,and the strategy of bringing ornamental moss resources to market.The main contents and results are as follows:A survey was conducted about bryophyte landscape resources on the urban environments of Shanghai and Hangzhou,as well as on the natural environments of the West Tianmu Mountain and Qingliangfeng in Zhejiang Province.A total of more than 1,000 bryophyte scenes were recorded in digital photos.Among them,121 bryophyte landscapes were found to have good continuity of bryophyte community,weak weed disturbance,bright color and high purity.These bryophyte scenes were recorded from soil,stone,tree,aquatic habitats.These four major categories of environments could be divided into thirteen sub-categories habitat including short-lived native,wet soil,sand,woodland,stone thin soil,rock,wet stone,wall epiphytic,tree-base epiphytic,tree trunk epiphytic,tree-branches epiphytic,aquatic sub-categories.According to our investigation of moss landscape resources on various websites,we found that the application of moss landscape at home and abroad mainly covered five areas: moss garden,moss sculpture,moss trail,roof and wall moss and indoor moss.Preliminary analysis of the possible types of moss and their environmental characteristics of these landscapes provided us a high valuable reference in relation to constructing bryophyte landscape under different environmental conditions.Application of bryophytes to vertical greening has a broad prospect.At present time,however,we lack bryophyte modules for vertical greening.Therefore,we designed and constructed bryophyte greening modules.We choose Hypnum plumaeforme as plant material,which has large plant growth and fast propagation feature.Peat soil(particle size: 0.1-10 mm)and vermiculite(particle size: 1-3 mm)(volume ratio of 1: 4)were mixed to form a cultivation medium.The palm mat(with wool at a density of 50-60 plants / cm2),bricks height of 1cm and rubber base in 0.5cm depth was used as a carrier.The substrate was uniformly filled with the palm mattress,and gametophyte fragments(in 0.5–1.0cm length)of Hypnum plumaeforme were evenly spread on the substrate.The gametophyte fragments was then placed under a temperature of 10-30 ℃ and a humidity of 70-90%.Green moss plexus will formed after a 60-day’s cultivation.Finally,we linked the fine wire mesh to the hard board,fixed together to made into a mossy wall module for green installation,and applied for a national invention patent.According to the previous investigation on moss landscape resources and moss market,and the technological methods and patents of bryophyte research group in Shanghai normal university on rapid propagation of moss green materials and application of bryophytes to the construction of landscape related to the patent,we set up "Shanghai Huifeng Green Technology Co.,Ltd." in the entrepreneurship park of Shanghai Normal University,Xuhui District,Shanghai,China.Based on the platform of the Co.,Ltd,we conducted an advertising campaign to introduced bryophyte ornamental landscape resources into the market,participated in the work of "Shanghai Graduate Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Special","SAIC Education Cup","Internet + Entrepreneurship Competition".We also participated in various types of green exhibition activities,including "China(Shanghai)Landscape Industry Trade Fair","Shanghai Normal University Section","Global Business Week",etc.,to carry out the moss micro-landscape DIY activities to enhance the company’s reputation.Based on our patent on bryophyte greening module,several moss landscape greening projects were designed and built,including bryophytes vertical greening in 2016 Shanghai International flower show,drying landscape of Japan and moss microlandscape DIY activities.All the cost of the above projects was paid by the market,which resulted in a high market reference value and practical guidance significance.Through these typical cases,the market application of bryophytes is introduced,and the market management strategy of bryophyte sales and modular production supply is put forward,as well as economic benefits are obtained.Based on the above materials,we participated in the 2016 "Youth" National College Entrepreneurship Competition in the formation of the "Huifeng bryophyte sales and modular production and supply" project,and won the gold medal.