| Soybean has been cultivated in our country for five thousand years,and play an important role in the practice of soybean production.It is an important germplasm resource.The Huang-Huai-Hai area and the Southern region are the two major producing areas of Chinese soybean breed It is of great significance to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure of soybean breed varieties to the preservation,utilization and development of soybean seed resources,the development of breeding plan and the selection of parent.In this study,SRAP functional molecular markers and parental coefficients were used to analyze the genetic relationship between 156 populations of soybean cultivars in the Huang-Huai-Hai region and Southern China and the genetic relationship between sub-groups of different provinces and sub-groups in different periods.The experimental data were divided into 13 provinces group of six subgroups The results are as follows:1.Based on the analysis of the parental coefficient and genetic relationship between the 395 soybean cultivars,the parental coefficient(COP)of the total of 77815 cultivars was 0 ~ 1,and the sum of the COP values was 1346.0235,with an average of 0.017.Of which 0 value is 49,252,accounting for 63.3% of the total,most of the genetic relationship between the breed far.The majority of COP values were below 0.5,and the parental coefficient analysis showed that the genetic information diversity of soybean cultivars in Huang-Huai-Hai area was higher.2.A total of 156 pairs of soybean cultivars were screened out of 16 pairs of polymorphic SRAP primers,and 214 bands were amplified by 16 pairs of primers.The polymorphic rate was 95.79%.The number of primers was 7-23,the average number of bands was 13,the highest for the primer Me6Em3,23 bands,the lowest is the primer Me1Em10,7 bands.The Shannon Information Index(I)ranges from 0.2743 to 0.4549,and Nei's genetic diversity index ranges from 0.4157 to 0.6426.The results of UPGMA clustering based on SRAP data show that 156 varieties of soybean breeds are clustered into three broad categories at the similarity coefficient D = 0.64: there are 16 varieties in the first category;138 species in the second category;there are only two varieties,because the Huang-Huai-Hai and southern breeding germplasm more,similar to the geographical origin of the species did not completely together.The genetic distance between sub-period subpopulations showed that the genetic distance between the two sub-populations of the modern breeds 1991-2000 and 2001-2009 was close,and the genetic distance between the ancestors and the early breeds was far.The results showed that there were more alleles in Hebei and Zhejiang provinces,which were 17 and 16 respectively.There were few in Shanghai and Guizhou,and 4 and 5,respectively.There were most specifically dificient alleles in Jiangxi province,32.And there was one dificient alleles between Guizhou and Shanghai.The analysis of sub-subgroups showed that the peculiarities and characteristics of ancestral parents were the most varied,and the unique allelic variation in the period 1962-1970 was 12,and the specifically dificient alleles was 6,in the period of 1971-1980 the unique allelic variation was 2,while had no specifically dificient alleles.The other two period had no specifically existene specifically deficient alleles.Indicating that the genetic diversity of modern varieties with the development of the breeding process gradually increased.3.Based on the genealogy of soybean cultivars,the parental coefficient and phylogenetic relationship of 156 cultivars showed that the range of COP value of the 156 varieties(4 of them was ancestral)was 0 ~ 1,the average was 0.0328 and 11476 There were 5305 pairs of varieties with COP value of 0,accounting for 46.23%,COP value between 0-0.1 between varieties of 90.77%.The results showed that the average value of COP was the highest among the soybean cultivars in Hunan Province,which was 0.1935.The average value of COP in Henan province was 0.038,which indicated that the genetic diversity of soybean cultivars in Henan Province was high.The COP values of the subgroups were the highest in the period 1962-1970,was 0.15 and the lowest in the 2001-2009 period was 0.0214,indicating that the genetic diversity of the modern breeds was higher than that of the early varieties.Clustering results based on parental coefficients of UPGMA showed that the species with similar geographical origin had a tendency to get together.156 varieties of soybean breeding into four categories: the first category of 70 varieties are mainly varieties of Henan Province,the second category of 16 are mainly breeds in Jiangsu Province,the third category of 29 varieties are mainly in Sichuan Province and Hunan Province Group,the fourth category 37 mainly in Jiangsu Province and Beijing subgroups. |
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