Effects Of Chicken Manure Biochar And Swine Biochar Addition On Soil Fertility And The Yield,Quality Of Cabbage

Animal manure pollution and reuse were the key problems for improving China's livestock and poultry industry,as well as agricultural sustainable development.Right now,output of livestock manure has more than industrial waste production.The wastewater from the livestock farm is one of the most important pollution sources,which causing non-point pollution in Chinese country.Pyrolyzing manure has been proved to be valuable for recycling animal waste.However,there is a lack of data concerning vegetable planting from the soil applied with manure biochar.This study was to examine soil fertility and cabbage growth following manure biochar addition to provide information on biochar agricultural application.Biochar,refers to the rich carbon product through pyrolysis by biomass under hypoxia condition,is a carbon sequestration technology rapidly developing in recent years.Through pot experiments,Set two test patterns.In the first experiment,with the acid soil in South of China as the tested soil.In the experiment:three application rates at chicken manure biochar(CMB)of 1%,2%and 3%,and three corresponding chicken manure(CM)equivalents at1.8%,3.6%and 5.4%;three application rates at swine manure biochar(SMB)of 1%,2%and 3%,and three corresponding swine manure(SM)equivalents at 2.6%,5.2%and 7.8%,were studied together with a chemical fertilizer as the reference.It's proved the test results by planting double cropping,and the second cabbage only applicated chemical fertilizer.In the second experiment,with the alkaline soil in North of China as the tested soil.In the experiment:three application rates at swine manure biochar of 0.5%,1%and 2%,and three corresponding swine manure equivalents at 1%,2%and 4%,were studied together with a chemical fertilizer as the reference,and plant single cropping.During the growing period,then study their effect on soil fertility and cabbage yield and quality.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Compared with chicken manure and swine manure,pyrolysis and carbonization has increased the content of ash,organic carbon,total phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium,and decreased total nitrogen,bioavailable nitrogen and available phosphorus to some extent.Soil organic matter,soil TN,available P and K increased significantly in both manure biochar and manure treatments,the chicken manure treatments increased more than the chicken manure biochar treatments,and the swine manure treatments increased more than the swine manure biochar treatments.(2)In two successive cultivation of Chinese cabbage,the yield of applied chicken manure biochar increase significantly than applied chicken manure.The first crop,swine manure biochar promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage,the yield from 50.02%to 132.14%,and low content(2.6%)of swine manure can promote the growth of Chinese cabbage,the yield of cabbage increase 62.06%.High content(7.8%)of swine manure have inhibitory effect on the growth of Chinese cabbage,the yield of cabbage decreased by 45.41%.In the second crop,effects of 2.6%and 5.2%swine manure is superior to the corresponding amount of swine manure biochar,increase 39.93%and 20.74%.3%swine manure biochar and 7.8%swine manure had same effect on the yield of cabbage,but there was no significant difference.(3)Compared with swine manure,pyrolysis and carbonization has increased the content of ash,organic carbon,total phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium,and decreased total nitrogen,bioavailable nitrogen and available phosphorus to some extent.Soil organic matter,soil TN,available P and K increased significantly in both manure biochar and manure treatments,and the swine manure treatments increased more than the swine manure biochar treatments.(4)In the study of the effects of swine manure biochar and swine manure,the yield of cabbage on applied swine manure biochar increased 2.91-3.18 times and 6.39-6.98 times than the treatments of CK1 and CK2,and the yield of cabbage on applied swine manure increased 2.01-2.51 times and4.42-5.52 times than the treatments of CK1 and CK2.Relative to the swine manure treatment,the yield and N partial factor productivity of Chinese cabbage were improved by 26.50%-49.98%and 119.32%-162.81%,respectively and leaf area was increased by 20.84%-21.58%for manure biochar application;in addition,Chinese cabbages' soluble protein and vitamin C were significantly increased by 33.11%-42.93%and 15.16%-46.06,respectively;nitrate contents of plant tissue were decreased significantly by 17.80%-22.08%.