| The two-spotted spider mite and whiteflies are pests in agriculture and forest.In order to find a suitable biological source pesticide to control them,we choose 7 kinds of traditional Chinese medicinal materials:Stemona japonica,Pinellia ternata,Aconitum carmichaeli,Cnidium monnieri,Syringa oblata,Pulsatilla chinensis,Chelidonium majus.A total of 42 Chinese medicine crude extracts from them extracted by three different solvents with extraction method and Soxhlet extraction method.We studied the miticidal activity of thoes Chinese medicine crude extracts against the Tetranychus urticae and Bemisia tabaci,7 kinds of crude extracts with higher insecticidal activity were screened out the changes of the activities of the main detoxification enzymes were determined,The main results are as follows:1.The chloroform extract,from Cnidium monnieri(L.)Cuss.by extraction method(C-SCZ).had the highest extraction rate,which were 21.6%_The B-SCZ took the secend place,which were 19.8%.the extraction rate of SE-SCZ were 19.2%.SE-BB had the lowest extraction rate,which were 4.3%.2.Biological activity showed when concentration of these Chinese medicine crude extraets were 5 mg·ml-1 with extraction method,The mean corrected death rate of Tetranychus urticae were 100%in 24 hours duringE-BB,B-SCZ and C-SCZ uesed.The mean corrected death rate of Bemisia tabaci were 100%in 24 hours during C-SCZ uesed.B-BTW had the lowest insecticidal activity against the Tetranychus urticae.The mean corrected death rate were 15.63%in 24 hours and 17.39%in 48 hours.B-BTW had the lowest insecticidal activity against the Bemisia tabaci.The mean corrected death rate were 15.68%in 24 hours and 13.20%in 48 hours.when concentration of these Chinese medicine crude extraets were 10 mg·ml-1 with Soxhlet extraction method,The mean corrected death rate of Tetranychus urticae were 78.01%in 24 hours during SC-WT uesed.The mean corrected death rate of Bemisia tabaci were 72.28%in 24 hours during C-SCZ uesed.SB-ZDX had the lowest insecticidal activity against the Tetranychus urticae.The mean corrected death rate were 13.95%in 24 hours and 15.89%in 48 hours.3.Virulence indoor tests was made to those plant crude extracts which consided have good insecticidal activity.The results showed that when extract with extraction method,the C-SCZ had the highgst insecticidal activity against the Tetranychus urticae,the corresponding LC50 were 1.6833mg·ml-1,followed by E-BB,B-BX,C-BTW and E-WT,the corresponding LC50 were 4.1440,5.8071,5.9296 and 6.0029 mg-ml-1.C-SCZ had the highgst insecticidal activity against the Bemisia tabaci,the corresponding LC50 were 3.9144 mg·ml-1,followed by B-WT,the corresponding LC50were 8.7444mg·ml-1.when extract with Soxhlet extraction method,SC-WT had the highgst insecticidal activity against the Tetranychus urticae,the corresponding LC50 were 6.6729 mg ml-1,followed by SC-SCZ,the corresponding LC50 were 7.2161mg·ml-1.SB-SCZ had the highgst insecticidal activity against the Bemisia tabaci,the corresponding LC50were 10.1469 mg·ml-1,followed by SB-WT,the corresponding LC50 were 10.4893mg·ml-1.4.Enzyme activity of AchE,GST,ACP,ALP and CarE in Tetranychus urticae was significantly inhibited.(P<0.05)within 4 hours,the activity of some enzymes increased after 24 hours.The change of enzyme activity in Bemisia tabaci was complicated.Some of the enzyme was strongly inhibited,such as the ALP when deal with crude extracts of Stemona japonica.Some of the enzyme was activated.such as the MFO when deal with crude extracts of Chelidonium majus.Some of them was inhibites first,but significantly higher than these of control group after 24 hours,such as the GST when deal with crude extracts of Aconitum carmichaeli. |
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