| Acer ginnala(Aceraceae)is a multipurpose tree with significant economic and ornamental value and mainly grown in provinces Liaoning,Jilin,Shanxi,Shandong.Due to its beautiful and the important chemical substance in the leaves,A.ginnala has certain industrial value,medicinal value and ornamental value.Understanding the genetic diversity and differentiation of this plant are useful to design the appropriate conservation planning.In this study,the genetic differentiation and population structure of A.ginnala were evaluated by morphological traits and chloroplast microsatellites(cpSSRs)marker.The main results were as follows:1.Phenotypic variation and phenotypic diversity16 leaf traits of A.ginnala were significant differences among populations,and except for ratio of leaf length to width,15 leaf traits were significant differences within populations.Coefficient of variation(CV)and Shannon were 22.786 and 5.110,respectively.Indicating that A.ginnala possessed a high level of phenotypic diversity.The mean phenotypic differentiation of A.ginnala was 37.09%,indicating that phenotypic variation of A.ginnala main come from within populations.Principal component analysis showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first 6 principal components were 82.70%,and leaf length,leaf width and leaf area were play important roles.The significant correlations between each leaf traits of A.ginnala,meanwhile,the correlation between meteorological factors and some traits were observed,such as leaf area,leaf thickness,leaf angle was positively correlated with the max temperature of warmest month and mean temperature of wettest quarter,respectively.26 populations of A.ginnala were divided into 2 groups by Euclidean distance clustering analysis.2.Genetic variation and genetic structure of populationBased on cpSSR markers,observed number of alleles(Na)、effective number of alleles(Ne)、 Shannon’s information index(I),Nei’s gene diversity(h)、 percentage of polymorphic bands(PPB)of A.ginnala at species level were 1.84、1.38、0.39、0.24、83.60%,respectively.Indicating that A.ginnala possessed a high level of genetic diversity.Observed number of alleles(Na)、effective number of alleles(Ne)、Nei’s gene diversity(h)、Shannon information index(I)、Percentage of polymorphic loci(PPB)at population level were 1.46、1.26、0.16、0.23、46.40%,respectively.The AMOVA analysis showed that variation within and among populations were 62.00% and 38.00% respectively.Indicating that genetic variation of A.ginnala main come from within populations.Twenty–six populations of A.ginnala were gathered into two clusters based on molecular data,which was consistent with PCo A and STRUCTURE analysis.Some genetic diversity parameters effective number of alleles(Ne)and Shannon’s information index(I)had significative correlations with partly environmental factors(max temperature of warmest month,mean temperature of wettest quarter).Total 30 haplotypes were found in this study.Haplotype H4 and H6 were exist in above three populations,the ten haplotypes(H2、H1、H12、H18、H19、H20、H21、H24、H26、H29)were existed in special populations,respectively.Haplotype diversity ranged from 0.0625 to 0.222.Haplotype diversity in population DTLC possessed highest value,and in population SJLC was lowest.30 Haplotypes were divided into two groups. |
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