Phenotypic Diversity And Genetic Variation Of Asian Long-horned Beetle, Anoplophoraglabripennis (Motschulsky) In China

The Asian long-horned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae:Laminae), is a wood-borer and polyphagous xybphage that is native to Asia with a wide distribution in China. Morphological and molecular, biological research showed A. nobilis (Ganglbauer) was placed in synonymy with ALB.We analyzed the distributing frequency of genomic SSR and the basic characteristics of repeat motifs and design primers. In this research, we probed the phenotypic variation, genetic diversity, genetic structure and differentiation of 20 geographic populations of ALB by morphological markers and microsatellite markers methods. With further validation, ALB and A. nobilis are the different types of the same species. The results are as follows:1. Develop a method to digitize the color of the stain in elytra in ALB, which can provide a basis for the study on differentiation mechanism2. There were significant differences in all the traits among populations and individuals within population These differences were associated with the host and geographical climatic factors. Variation in the population is the main source of its phenotypic traits variation. The mean phenotypic differentiation coefficient (Vst) was 11.78%. Vst (color of stain differentiation) was maximum,50.53%. Analysis of in 6 color groups with color classification showed that the phenotypic differentiation coefficient was reduced to 1.17% significantly. Indicated the differentiation between cofor groups was less than the difference of geographical isolation. In 20 populations, the posterior wing length was very significant negative correlation with longitude, the body length and color of stain differentiation were significantly positive correlation and negative correlation with altitude. The result of dendrogram analysis based on phenotypic traits showed that the differences of phenotypic traits may be associated with the host. In 11 populations with weeping willow as their host, the body length and posterior wing length will increase with the altitude rising, the color of stain was significantly positive correlation with mean maximum temperature.3. We developed SSR loci of 2 to 6 repeated units, including 10,650 perfect SSRs, and found 140 types of repeat motifs. Every sequence possesses an average of 0.12 SSR. SSR density was determined to be one SSR per 56.57 kilo base pairs (kbp), and SSR abundance was determined to be 0.02/kb.4. A total of 2621 SSR markers were discovered in ALB whole-genome shotgun sequences.21 of the 48 randomly selected pairs of SSR primers were polymorphic. These markers are test effectiveness by four populations. The PIC ranged from 0.17 to 0.88 with a mean of 0.61. It may expand ALB SSR molecular marker database.5. The study elaborated the genetic structure within populations and genetic variation within two types in ALB. The genetic structure among populations is regional. It’s geographical barrier between Yinchuan(YINC) and Alashan(ALS), although their geographical distance is close. There is strong gene flow and artificial interference among two populations. The gene flow was limited among two types of ALB, and genetic differentiation was far below the regional differentiation. The trand of color of stain differentiation is consistent with dendrogram analysis based on genetic distance. In other words, transitional phenomen of two types in ALB is being in genetic and phenotype.