| Animal cold and heat stress was the main factors that restricting the development of animal husbandry industry.The purpose of this experiment was to understand the influences of chronic cold and heat stress on the biochemical indexes and related genes expression of cold and heat stress in San he cattle in Inner Mongolia.The sutudy will Provide the relevant data support and scientific basis,and has important practical significance on the improvement of stress resistance and environment of adaption on Sanhe cattle.In this study,45 health Sanhe cattles were selected randomly with similar weight,the same parity and Mid-lactating in Xieertala pasture.The experiment was carried out in 3 stages:summer,spring and winter.Summer(On July 23,2015-July 29,2015)was the period of heat stress,winter(On December 28,2015-January 3,2016)was the period of cold stress,and spring(On April 24,2016-April 3 0,2016)was the period of non-cold and heat stress.Antithrombin collection was used to isolate lymphocytes from caudal vein and non-antithrombin collection was used to isolate blood serum,these were the test sample.Physiological indexes of cows in different test period were determined;ELISA was used to determine the indexes of hormones,enzymes,immune function and antioxidant in blood serum in cows;Quantitative real-time RT-qPCR was used to determine related genes mRNA expression of cold and heat stress.Analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference of indexes of blood when it was at the period of cold and heat stress,non-cold and heat stress of Sanhe cattle.The results were showed as below.1.Physiological indexes:The rectal temperature and breathing frequency of cows were highest in summer and lowest in winter.In spring,rectal temperature and breathing frequency were 38.41? and 27.07 times/min respectively,and both of them are at a normal level;Rectal temperature and breathing frequency were significantly higher in summer than in spring and winter(P<0.05),and they were significantly higher in spring than in winter(P>0.05).2.Blood biochemical indexes:(1)Endocrine related indexes:The content of ACTH?GC?GCG?GLU?TSH?T4?T3 in serum of cows were significantly higher in winter than in summer and spring(P<0.05),and they were higher in spring than in summer(P<0.05);The content of GH and IGF-1 were significantly higher in spring than in summer and winter(P<0.05),and they were significantly higher in winter than in summer(P<0.05);The content of NE in summer and winter was significantly higher than in spring(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and winter(P>0.05);The content of EPI in summer and winter was significantly higher than in spring(P<0.05),and it was significantly higher in winter than in summer(P<0.05);The content of DA was no significant difference in summer,spring and winter(P>0.05).The content of INS in summer was significantly higher than in winter and spring(P<0.05),and it was significantly higher in spring than in winter(P<0.05);The content of BUN in winter was significantly higher than in summer and spring(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and spring(P>0.05).(2)Enzyme related indexes:CK,GPT activity in serum of cows were significantly higher in winter and summer than in spring(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and winter(P>0.05);LDH,GOT activity in summer were significantly higher than in winter and spring(P<0.05);and there was no significant difference between winter and spring(P>0.05);AKP activity in spring was significantly higher than in summer and winter(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and winter(P>0.05).(3)Antioxidant related indexes:The content of MDA in serum of cows was significantly higher in summer and winter than spring(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and winter(P>0.05).The content of T-AOC in winter was significantly higher in summer and spring(P<0.05),and it was significantly higher in spring than summer(P<0.05).The content of GSH-Px in winter and spring was significantly higher than in summer(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between winter and spring(P>0.05).The content of SOD in spring was significantly higher than in summer and winter(P<0.05),and it was significantly higher in winter than in summer(P<0.05).(4)Immune function related indexes:The content of IL-2 in spring was significantly higher than in summer and winter(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and winter(P>0.05).The content of IL-4 in summer and spring was significantly higher than in winter(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between summer and spring(P>0.05).The content of TNF-ain winter was significantly higher than in summer and spring(P<0.05),and it was significantly higher in spring than in summer(P<0.05).The content of IFN-y,IgG in winter and spring were significantly higher than in summer(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference between winter and spring(P>0.05).3.Related genes mRNA expression of cold and heat stress:HSPA1 A.HSPA1B,HSPA8 genes mRNA expression quantity in lymphocyte of Sanhe cattle were significantly higher in winter and summer than in spring(P<0.05);HSPA1A,HSPA1B genes mRNA expression quantity in summer was significantly higher than in winter(P<0.05);HSPA8 genes mRNA expression quantity was no significant difference between winter and spring(P>0.05).The results indicated that enhanced expression of HSP70 family gene mRNA during cold and heat stress time improve the animal's function of self-protection and enhance resistance to adverse external stimulate. |
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