| The experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary crude fiber and sodium butyrate supplement during pregnancy and lactation period on its behavior,reproductive performance,colostrum composition,colostrum fatty acid composition and piglets serum biochemical indexes in sows.The results will help to understand the influence of maternal dietary crude fiber supplement on sows reproduction performance and clarify the action differences between high fiber and sodium butyrate.In this experiment,selected eighty-five Large White multiparity sows with an similar weight were randomly divided into three groups,namely the control group(CON group),high fiber group(HF group)and sodium butyrate group(SB group).The sows in CON group were fed a normal diet,while the HF were fed 9.7%alfalfa meal and the SB group fed 0.1%sodium butyrate on normal diet during the whole pregnancy and lactation.The sows’ saliva at pregnancy 30d and 90d were collected.Sows’ behavior was recorded through Hik-vision cameras during the mid and late pregnancy.The colostrums were collected,and the sow litter size,newborn piglet birth weight,piglet weight at 9 d and 21 d were record.The sows’ behavior in middle and late pregnancy was analysed,and cortisol concentration in sows saliva was determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA).The concentrations of protein,lactose,triglyceride,total cholesterol,IgA and IgG,and the concentrations of T3,T4,PRL,TNF-a,leptin,and cortisol were detected in whey.All kinds of fatty acids content in colostrum were analysed by gas chromatography.1 The influence of maternal crude fiber and sodium butyrate supplement on sows reproductive performance,piglets serum biochemical index and hormones concentrationsCompared with CON group,high-fiber diet can significantly increase litter size,birth litter weight and weaning weight of piglets(P<0.05).Maternal diet intake of sodium butyrate and high fiber have the same effects in improving born litter weight and weaning piglets BW(P<0.05),but the newborn litter size was only increased in HF group.Also,maternal diet intake of sodium butyrate significantly increased the piglet birth weight(P<0.05).The concentration of cortisol in sows saliva was significantly lower in HF group compared to CON group(P<0.05).In newborn piglets’ plasma,cholesterol,HDL cholesterol and T4 concentration were increased in HF group(P<0.05)compared to CON group.The lactic acid dehydrogenase concentrations in newborn piglets’ plasma was decreased in the HF group and SB group compared to CON group(P<0.05).The triglyceride concentrations in newborn piglets’ plasma tended to increased in HF group(P=0.09)and greater in SB group(P<0.05),in contrast to the CON group.Biochemical indicators and hormone concentrations in umbilical cord blood and weaning piglets’ plasma have not changed.The results indicated that high fiber and sodium butyrate supplement during pregnancy and lactation period can improve sow production performance,promote the growth of piglets,but only HF supplement can increase the newborn litter size.2 The influence of maternal crude fiber and sodium butyrate supplement on sows behaviorThe sows behavior was analyzed in middle and latte pregnancy period,it showed that the frequency and duration of chewing behavior,and non-feeding oral activities frequence and duration were significantly lower in HF group than CON group(P<0.05).And in late pregnancy,the drink frequency was significantly reduced(P<0.05).Maternal crude fiber supplement significantly reduced the sow standing duration,and increased lying duration(P<0.05).The SB group showed that the reduced frequency and duration of chewing behavior,but non-feeding oral activities frequency,duration and the behavior of sows drinking frequency showed no significant difference,as compared with CON group.The results showed that maternal diet crude fiber supplement decreased the frequency and duration of chewing and non-feeding oral activities which indicated the improved animal welfare.Maternal diet sodium butyrate intake had a certain effect on sows welfare.3 The influence of maternal crude fiber and sodium butyrate supplement on colostrum biochemical index,hormones concentrations and the fatty acids composition in sows colostrumMaternal diet crude fiber supplement has no effect on total protein and lactose in sows colostrum,but significant increased the concentration of triglyceride and cholesterol in colostrum(P<0.05)as compared with the CON group.Through the analysis of hormone levels and immune related index concentration in colostrums,the results showed that prolactin and leptin levels were significantly higher(P<0.05)in HF group as compared with CON and SB group.T4 concentration was significantly increased in HF and SB group(P<0.05).There were no significant differences of immunoglobulin,TNF-a,cortisol and T3 in HF and SB group compared with CON group.The fatty acid composition analysis in colostrum results showed the significantly increased total poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA content(P<0.05)in HF group,such as linoleic acid(LA,18:2n-6)and a-linolenic acid(ALA,18:3n-3),and the decreased level of the total saturated fatty acid(SFA),and the ratio of n-6 to n-3 PUFA content(P<0.05).However the sodium butyrate supplement on fatty acid composition showed the reverse effects compared with high fiber which showed the increased the total SFA,MUFA and n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio(P<0.05),such as C14,C15,C16 and C17(P<0.05),while the total PUFA,n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA were significantly decreased in colostrum(P<0.05).Through the analysis of colostrum composition,this experiment demonstrated that high-fiber diet can increase the thyroid hormone,prolactin,and leptin concentrations in sows colostrum,change the colostrum fatty acid composition,and promote the piglets growth.Although sodium butyrate supplement changed the fatty acid composition of colostrum,but its effects on the fatty acid content is different compared with high fiber group. |
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