Improvement Measures Study On Acidity And Fertility Of Lu Shan Mist Tea Garden Soil

Lushan mist tea is a traditional tea in JiangXi province,also the one of the top ten famous tea in our country,which belongs to green tea.In recent years,due to the severe acid rain,the problem of tea tree itself metabolism and fertilization management happened,which result in tea garden soil acidification,nutrient imbalance,and the problem of loss affects the quality of tea.Therefore,the paper study of the different elevation of tea garden soil fertility levels and acidification,find out the different altitude lushan mist tea garden soil system part of the dynamic change rules of physiological indexes.And according to current situation of lushan mist tea tea garden soil acidification and nutrient abundant deficiency of the study of modified lushan mist tea garden,to improve the tea garden soil fertility,to provide the theory and practice basis to prevent the tea garden soil acidification.Taking lushan mist tea tea production areas as the research object of the results showed that:(1)the lushan mountain at an altitude of 300 meter and 1100 meter tea garden soil pH between 4.83 ~ 5.13,the change trend of different elevation tea garden soil pH is reduced with the increase of altitude.Tea garden soil organic matter quality score between 1.8% and 3.3%,alkali solution nitrogen content is between 49.44~ 84.81 mg/kg,available p content is between 1.14~ 2.33 mg/kg,general survey area of tea garden soil fertility index were lower than the high yield and good quality tea garden.Tea garden soil acidification trends cannot be overlooked,tea garden soil fertility levels also needs to improve.Tea garden soil heavy metal Cu,Zn,and the content of Pb,Cd change interval were 19.73 ~ 19.73 mg/kg,66.20~ 86.80 mg/kg,31.03 ~ 50.31 mg/kg,0.24~ 0.35 mg/kg,comprehensive soil heavy metal pollution index is less than 0.7,the tea garden soil security levels belong to safe levels,pollution levels for cleaning.Lushan mountain tea garden tea Cu,Pb and Cd content are accord with standard of organic tea,there is no violation.The Cu content in tea is not increase with the copper content in soil,the zinc content of high altitude tea garden tea is significantly higher than low altitude tea tea.The Se content of lushan mountain tea content increases with the increase of altitude.(2)the biochar,biological conditioner,limestone,dolomite,medical stone,such as calcium peroxide and limestone mixed biochar amendment improved soil incubation experiment results show that the different modifier can improve the pH of the soil in different degrees,the specific improvement effect in different type and dosage of modifier material varies.Under the condition of the dosage of modifier constant,amendment to the improved effect of soil pH: limestone+biochar > dolomite limestone biological conditioners > calcium peroxide > of maifan stone biochar.The same modifier,high dose treatment than the low dose of the improvement of soil pH effect is good.(0.75g/kg+2.5g/kg)limestone mixed with biochar amendment(3.75g/kg),conditioner and the improved effect is better,the soil pH value of 5.79,5.73,respectively.Amendments on soil available phosphorus,alkali solution nitrogen,organic matter and other available a little effects on the growth of the nutrient.(3)in the tea garden soil acidification,on the basis of improved experiment on soil fertility improvement,the results show that the KuBing(1.65g/kg),KuBing(3.3g/kg).Limestone(0.75g/kg)+2.5‰ calcium superphosphate;Biochar(2.5g/kg)+2.5 ‰ calcium superphosphate;Biological conditioner(3.75g/kg)+2.5 ‰ calcium superphosphate;Biochar+limestone(2.5g/kg+0.75g/kg)+2.5‰ superphosphate process has good effect on soil fertility improvement.Soil pH between 5.0-5.5,high yield and good quality tea garden.Soil nutrient index are greatly improved,soil organic matter,available phosphorus,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen nutrient were increased by 25%-39%,38% to 74%,from 7% to 13%.Soil improvement effect is more ideal.(4)the wild field experiment results show that the modifier materials can not only improve the acidification of the p H value of the tea garden soil,but also can significantly improve the soil nutrient content,It is has a promoting effect on the growth of tea tree,and indoor cultivation broadly in line with the results of the experiment.After comparing several kinds of treatment of soil nutrient index and physiological indexes of tea and heavy metal content.2.5g/kg biochar+0.75g/kg limestone ingredients to the soil improvement effect is best,the tea garden soil pH adjustment to 5.49(tea tree growth optimal pH5.5),is ideal on the contribution of soil nutrient,organic matter,available phosphorus,alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen,CEC content were 5.49,49.50mg/kg,5.49 mg/kg,89.08 mg/kg,22.16 cmol/kg,reach high quality tea garden.Tea of chlorophyll,enzymes levels have increased significantly,tea tree grows strong,the heavy metal content of the tea had significantly lower than control treatment,and obviously improve the tea quality.