Effect Of Water And Fertilizer Coupling On The Quality And Physiological Characteristics Of Chicory "Qianyu 1" And "Puna"

To explore the most reasonable management plan of water and fertilizer,and provide scientific theoretical basis for the high yield and high quality of Chicory,in this paper we adopt pot experiments for 2 chicory varieties of "Qianyu 1" and "Puna",in which we investigated the production performance,physiological characteristics,nutritional quality and soil fertility of the two species of chicory through an orthogonal design for four factors,containing water,nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,at the three levels of water and fertilizer coupling.The main results as followings:1.Water is the major factor affecting plant height and fresh weight of chicory.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium appear to be significant effects on plant height and fresh weight.The maximum height of the chicory cultivars is Qianyu1,with a corresponding fertilizer combination as:W3N2P1K3;Meanwhile,the maximum fresh amount shows in Puna,with a corresponding fertilizer combination as:W3N1P3K2.2.Nitrogen fertilizer is the most important factor affecting the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b,effect of other factors shows great significance as well.Moisture effect on chicory chlorophyll a in the second crop shows less impact,but more on chlorophyll b.Water is the main factor affecting the soluble sugar content of chicory.In the second crop the effect of phosphate fertilizer on the sugar content was smaller,but the effect of potassium becomes larger.Application of potassium fertilizer can increase the accumulation of sugar content in Chicory.3.Nitrogen fertilizer is the main factor affecting the crude protein content of chicory.Increasing the amount of phosphate fertilizer in Qianyu 1 and irrigation in Puna could increase crude protein content.While when it comes to the crude fiber content,water plays a vital role and the effect of the other factors on the second stubble appears to be much moresignificant.Water and potassium fertilizer are the major factors constrainting the crude fat content of chicory;The most essential factors of crude ash is respectively water and nitrogen in first and second batches.Water is the main factor influencing dry weight of chicory,while the dry matter content can be improved when the amount of phosphate fertilizer is increased.Water shows a massive impact on calcium content in the first stubble,while the calcium content in the second stubble is mainly influenced by the fertilizer.4.Nitrogenous fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer,potash fertilizer can significantly increase the content of the corresponding elements in the soil,and the ratio of water and fertilizer will affect the range of soil nutrients.The soil nitrogen content of Qianyu1 and Puna increased highest respectively in the treatment W3N3P2K1 and W2N3P1K2.The soil available phosphorus content of Qianyu 1 increased highest at the treatment W1N3P3K3,and the Puna increased highest at treatment W2N2P3K1.The content of potassium in soil increased after cutting,and the phenomenon is much more obvious on available potassium than total potassium.5.The impact of the four factors on the Qianyu 1 analyzing through the total range is as followings: Water > nitrogen >potash > phosphate.The influence order on the Puna is : Water >nitrogen > phosphate > potash.The optimal water and fertilizer combination of Qianyu 1 was Water 40%,nitrogen fertilizer300kg/hm~2,potassium fertilizer 600kg/hm~2 and phosphate fertilizer 150kg/hm~2.while the ideal combination of Puna: 40%Water,500kg/hm~2 nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate 300kg/hm~2 and potassium fertilizer 200kg/hm~2.