Evaluation On The Adaptability Of Oat In The Midwest Of Jilin Province

Oat(Avena sativa L.)is an important forage crop with developed roots.it has many characteristics,including drought resistance,cold resistance,leanness-resistance,saline-alkaline tolerance and rich nutritional value.It is heavily planted in North,Southwest,Northwest,Northeast and otheralpine pastoral areas in China,playing an important role that other forage crops can not replace.Although our country has a long history in oat cultivation,the study on oat is relatively backward while the variety is complex and the quality is uneven.These phenomena can not meet the demands of the development ofgrassland agriculture andanimal husbandry as well as the ecological construction and increase of farmers' income.This paper conducts the adaptability evaluation of oat variety in Changchun,Changling and Taonan,using 29 oat varieties(species)selected from different regions of the country and adopting randomized block design.The author conducts principal component analysis and determines the most suitableplanting variety according to the comprehensive analysis,thus laying the foundation for the future breeding and production work.The main results are as follows:1.In the adaptability evaluation of the 27 oat varieties(species)in Changchun region,the tested varietiesall have good adaptability.The yield is 2801.90-10080.95kg/hm2 and the growth period is 77-86 days.By analyzing the principal component of the nine traits,the cumulative contribution rate of the obtained six principal components is 88.92%.The integrate score analysis of each oat variety(species)shows that the highest integrate score comes to “sun-god”.The hay yield and stem-leaf ratio of “sun-god” are outstanding,so it is the most suitable forage variety in Changchun region.2.The adaptability of agronomic characters of the tested varieties are ordinary among the 29 oat varieties(species)in Changling region while the performance of Qingyin No.1,sweet oat and sun-god is better.The yield is 381.11-3853.33kg/hm2.The growth period of each variety is 59-62 days.The integrate score analysis of each oat variety(species)shows that the highest integrate score belongs to “sweet oat” and its hay yield is excellent;Qingyin No.3 ranks third.Its yield is the largest and its stem-leaf ratio performance is good,so it is the most suitable forage variety in Changling region.But,due to the dry rain and drought in June and July of 2016,there may be an impact on the experimental results of the site.3.The adaptability of agronomic characters of tested varieties are all good among the 26 oat varieties(species)in Taonan region.The growth period is 74-80 days.In the principal4.component analysis of the nine traits,five principal components are obtained.The integrate score analysis of each oat variety(species)shows that the integrate score of “sweet oat” is the highest.And its hay yield and stem-leaf ratio performance are outstanding;the integrate score of “shepherd-king” is the seventh and it also shows good adaptability.Its hay yield is the highest while the stem-leaf ratio is the lowest.So the quality is very excellent;both of them are the most suitable forage varieties in Taonan region.5.Through the analysis in this paper,the performance of the ecological adaptability is mainly composed of yield,panicle trait and plant morphology.Among the 29 oat varieties(species),the advantages of “sun-god” is more obvious no matter in growth characteristics or yield.Thus,in the above ecological zones and under the similar ecological conditions,the adaptability of “sun-god” is the best and “sweat oat”,Qingyin No.1 are also the most suitable for planting.