Genetic Diversity Research Of Giant Salamander In Guizhou

Giant salamander(Andrias dauidianus)is second class national protecting animal,belong to Andrias,Cryptobrachidae,Caudata,Amphibian.Environmental change and high-intensitive catching cause the quantity of salamander wild resources sharp cutoff and make it to be imminent in danger.Unscientific artificial breeding and proliferation may accelerate the loss of genetic diversity.These are the drawbacks of salamander protection and management.Genetic diversity is closely related to adaptability and viability.Making use of mtDNA cyt b and d-loop gene,integrating morphology genetic characteristics,provide scientific basis for the protection and development of the research object giant salamander.Key Results as follows:1.By PCR amplification and DNA sequencing technology,532 bp sequence to obtain 3 provinces in 5 groups of 82 Chinese giant salamanders D-loop district.Through the analysis,we found that there were 7 haplotypes in the 82 sequences.Among the 6 haplotypes in Guizhou population,the Shaanxi population had three haplotypes,while the Hunan population had only 1 haplotypes in the population,and the 3 groups shared a total of 1 haplotypes.According to the nucleotide diversity and haplotype diversity index results,genetic polymorphism of giant salamander in Guizhou is higher than the level of Shaanxi,Hunan giant group.But the overall level of genetic polymorphism of 3 giant salamander populations are not high.2.The research of 3 groups giant salamander genetic differentiation showed that3 populations of significant genetic differentiation,gene flow between populations(Nm)values are less than 1,that is to say,the geographical isolation or reproductive isolation and genetic drift has hindered the gene exchange among populations,genetic differentiation serious.Three populations in Guizhou branch and Hunan population differentiation time are the longest.Recently Shaanxi and Hunan population differentiation time are the nearest.The genetic differentiation in Guizhou population,Shaanxi and Hunan had been changed.But in Guizhou Province,the three giant salamanders are the lowest degree of genetic differentiation among populations.3.Measured 3.798 bp sequence in 3 provinces in 5 groups of 66 giantsalamander Cyt b gene,download the homologous sequences of different groups in Genbank,and analysis 107 sequence.The results showed that 107 sequences defined10 haplotypes,and all groups shared a haplotype.Genetic distance and differentiation index showed a giant salamander in Guizhou had a degree of genetic differentiation with other populations of giant salamander.4.Based on the Cyt b gene of giant salamander phylogenetic analysis found that Chinese giant salamander can be divided into 4 lineages,but the lineage distribution and geographical location and the distribution of basin have little correlation relationship.The giant salamander’s body of Hunan,Guangxi and Guizhou are near.In the spectrum of differentiation in China giant salamander,Guizhou giant salamander group as a bridge connecting Hunan and Guangxi giant salamander group,its evolution and evolutionary status of the more important role5.For the 3 provinces in 5 populations of giant salamander body can yield research found that the total length,body length,head width,head width is the main physical characters of different morphological differences in giant salamander population.After the discovery,the head of the circle is a slender Chenggu population;the head and body is in giant salamander population;the longer the head is round.Chenggu geographical populations from 5 populations of the giant salamander tail length accounted for the largest,Songtao geographical groups accounted for the smallest giant salamander tail length.Salamander limbs were slightly longer than the forelimbs and distinguish the color and pattern characteristics of various groups of giant salamander.