| This paper explored the effects of nutrient levels on reproductive performance,blood biochemical parameters,immune parameters and antioxidant capacity of the primiparous sows during the first trimester with single-factorial trials.the sows with similar weight(182±6kg)and body condition were selected,and pregnancy was 80 days.Thirty-six large and long-term sow hybrids were initially produced,and were randomly divided into three experimental groups,namely,test group I,test group II,and test group III,with 12 replicates in each group and one pig per replicate.On the 81 st day of gestation,each group was fed with 1.5 M(M for maintenance),2.0 M and 2.5 M nutrient levels in turn,until the end of childbirth,for a period of 33 days.The results are as follows:(1)There was no significant difference among the groups of 81-day-old body weight and backfat thickness(P>0.05).With the increase of nutrition level,the weight of sows in each group increased during the later period of pregnancy.The weight gain of sows before sowing in group III was increased.Both weight loss during lactation and lactation were significantly higher than those in trial group I(P<0.05).The backfat thickness of sows in group I at the time of farrowing was significantly lower than that of groups II and III.The loss of backfat during the lactation stage was significantly higher than that of trial III.Group I(P<0.05).As the level of nutrition increases,sows’ intake during lactation also decreases.With the increase of the nutritional level in the later period of pregnancy,the birth weight and weaning weight of piglets in experimental groups increased.There was a significant difference in the average weight of weaned piglets and the weight of weaned piglets between trial I and trial III(P<0.05).The survival rate of piglets and piglets were significantly lower than those of the experimental group II and the experimental group III(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the weight gain of the intermittent litters between the experimental group II and the experimental group III(P>0.05).(2)With the increase of the nutritional level in late pregnancy,the milk fat and milk protein content in colostrum also gradually increased.The regular milk protein in group III was significantly higher than that in group I(P<0.05),and the other milk component indexes were not significantly different(P>0.05).The content of various immunoglobulins in the colostrum of sows showed an upward trend.The Ig M content in group III group was higher than that in anyother two groups.The difference between the group III and the group I was significant(P<0.05).Increased Ig G levels in the colostrum of the first parity sows of group II and group III were higher than those of the group I,and there was a significant difference between the group I and the group III(P<0.05).Meanwhile,serum urea nitrogen and glucose levels also increased,the difference between the groups was significant(P<0.05),in which the triglyceride content in the group III was higher than the other two groups,the difference was significant(P<0.05),the insulin level in the group III was higher than the group II,the difference was significant(P<0.05).The serum estrogen levels of the sows in group II and group III were higher than those in the group I,with significant differences(P<0.05).(3)With the increase of nutrition level,the serum immunoglobulin Ig G content of the first-produced sow was increased,and the difference between the group III and the experimental group I was significant(P<0.05).The serum complement 3 level of the first-produced sow in the group III was increased.Compared with group I,the difference was significant(P<0.05).The level of reactive oxygen species(ROS)in the serum of the first-produced sows in the group I was higher than that in the other two groups,and the difference between group III and group I was significant(P<0.05).The serum malondialdehyde(MDA)content also increased in each group,and the group III was significantly higher than any other two groups.The experimental group II was significantly higher than the experimental group I;the serum superoxide dismutase(SOD)Content of group II and group III were significantly lower than group I(P<0.05);the placental ROS content of group III was higher than group I,the difference was significant(P<0.05),the placental MDA of group I was lower than the other two groups.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).The level of placental SOD in group I was higher than that in group III.There was a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in placental T-AOC levels between each group(P>0.05).(4)The results suggest that improving the nutritional status of newly born sows at the late pregnancy can significantly increase the birth weight and weaning weight of the piglet.When the sow’s nutritional level during pregnancy is 2.0 times,the quality of the piglets can be improved and the body condition can be maintained.It helps the sow to successfully enter the next breeding cycle. |
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