The Studies On Fruit Radish Introduction And Efficient Cultivation Techniques

Fruit radish is suitable for eating raw,welcomed by consumers for its unique edible value and high health value,with the characteristics of crisp and juicy,sweet and refreshing,smooth root skin and beautiful color.However,the climate variation between North and South will lead to deterioration of the yield and quality of introduced fruit radish,and the consumer requirements for the flavor and taste of fruit radish are also different.At present,the introduction of breeding new varieties with high quality,stable yield and suitable for fresh eating has become the main breeding path way of fruit radish.In this study,66 accessions of fruit radish germplasm resources were analyzed for agronomic and quality traits,and sensory evaluation of their commodity and flavor quality were carried out to screen out the high-quality fruit radish.Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze and evaluate the agronomic traits and quality characters of fruit radish,with the main factors affecting the identification of fruit radish were evaluated comprehensively,and the classification of fruit radish was carried out,which provided a scientific basis for the introduction of high-quality fruit radish and the quality improvement.By the density and fertility treatment experiments,the yield and fresh eating taste of the fruit radish under the planting density and fertilization mode were determined,which provided the theoretical basis for the introduction and efficient cultivation of fruit radish.The main results are as follows:1.In this study,63 fruit radishes were evaluated by sensory evaluation to screen out 21 fruit radishes with better quality and taste,mainly for smooth root surface,less lateral root,flesh color uniform,crisp,no bitter,low thrill and sweet taste.2.The principal component analysis of 12 main agronomic and quality characters of 63 fruit radishes was carried out.The first 5 principal components contained most of the information,It included appearance and comprehensive quality factors,root length factor,nutritional factor,sweetness factor and root scar factor,and the cumulative contribution rate was 74.35%.According to the principal component feature vector and its contribution rate,a comprehensive evaluation on fruit radish germplasm resources showed that,‘Shuijing Radish’,‘501 Radish’,‘Shawo Fruit Radish’,‘Beijing Mantanghong’and‘Siji Mantanghong’had better comprehensive properties.3.The 12 main agronomic and quality characters of 40 fruit radishes were systematically clustered into 4 broad categories,the first group included‘Yuanbai Radish’and other 24 materials;the second group included‘Chunbulao Radish’;the third group included‘Tianjing weiqing Radish’and other two materials;the fourth group included‘Gaotangcui Fruit Radish’and other 7 materials.4.The effects of planting density and fertilization treatments were investigated on the radish cultivation.The results show that the root weight,root length,root width,plant height,leaf length,leaf width and root bark thickness of fruit radish were significantly different at various planting density levels.These agronomic characters of radish root weight,plant height,leaf length and root bark thickness in different fertilization levels had significant or extremely significant differences.Under the influence of planting density,the yield of 23.33cm×30cm for‘Cuitian Shuijing Radish’and‘Gaotangcui Fruit Radish’reached the highest values of 53 579.52 kg/hm~2 and 41 032.85 kg/hm~2,respectively;the yield of 17.5cm×30cm for‘Xuelizhong Quanshenhong Radish’and‘Jingpin Jintiansi Radish’reached the highest,were 49 547.30 kg/hm~2 and 32 975.23 kg/hm~2.Besides,under the same planting density,the yield of these 3 kinds of fruit radishes is the lowest under organic fertilizer,and the fruit radish has the best taste under the combination of compound fertilizer and organic fertilizer.