Effects Of Plant Inducer Combined With Controlled-Release Urea On Nitrogen Use Efficiency And Yield Of Wheat And Corn

Controlled-release fertilizers have the characteristics of nutrient release and crop absorption synchronization,which can significantly improve the utilization of fertilizers and protect the environment.Plant inducer have the advantages of promoting growth,resist stress,disease prevention,etc.Combinate controlled-release fertilizers and plant inducer to explore their synergies and mechanisms has become a hot spot for current fertilizers to“upgrade,reduce,and increase efficiency”.In this article,potted experiment was used to study the ratio of different controlled-release urea and plant inducer in corn and wheat,along with crop yield and yield components,nitrogen use efficiency and soil nutrients were the most suitable for the selection of controlled-release urea and plant inducer antagonists.At the same time,reducing the amount of fertilizer to achieve the purpose of weight loss and efficiency;via the field plot test,verify the application effect of potted plants and controlled-release urea combined with plant inducer.The main results and findings are as follows:(1)The optimum proportion for potted wheat was 4.5 plant elicitor resistance with encapsulated controlled-release urea(4.5CRUR)(added 4.5 mg plant inducer to urea per kg),the effective production with 4.5CRUR was increased by 12.8%compared with controlled-release urea therein 1/3 nitrogen cut(2/3CRU).the common proportion for both corn and wheat was separately addition of 3 plant elicitor resistance before and after encapsulation,and this was also the best for corn by far.And,The optimum proportion for potted corn was 3CRUR3.(2)Controlled-release urea and urea combined with plant inducer can significantly increase the annual yield of wheat and corn.In wheat pots,the yield of 3CRUR3 treatment was11.3%significantly higher than the 2/3 CRU treatment.There was no significant difference between the yield of 4.5CRUR,3CRUR3,U and CRU treatment.In corn field,the yield of3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher than that of CRU treatment by 11.1%,UR treatment significantly increased 9.2%when compared with U treatment,and significantly increased 13.8%compared to CRU treatment.In wheat field,the yield of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly increased by 14.5%compared with CRU treatment,and the yield of UR treatment was significantly increased 23.6%when compared with U treatment.(3)Controlled-release urea and urea combined with plant inducer can significantly increase the annual nitrogen use efficiency of wheat.In wheat pots,the nitrogen use efficiency of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher 12.49~13.86 percentage point than the without plant inducer treatment pots.In corn pots,the nitrogen use efficiency of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly improved by 10.89~18.67 percentage point when compared with the treatment without plant inducer.In corn field,the nitrogen use efficiency of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher than that of CRU treatment by 14.39 percentage point,and the nitrogen use efficiency of UR treatment was significantly higher than that of U treatment by 13.33percentage point.In the wheat fields,the nitrogen use efficiency of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher than that of CRU treatment by 12.4 percentage point,and the nitrogen use efficiency of UR treatment was significantly increased 10.1 percentage point compared with U treatment.(4)Controlled-release urea and urea combined with plant inducer also can significantly increase the soil nutrient content in the critical period of wheat and corn,and the release rate of controlled-release urea combined with plant inducer is higher than that of controlled-release urea on jugated organisms.In the maximum nutrient efficiency period,the nitrate nitrogen content content of corn in 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher than that of other fertilization treatments in the 0-40 cm soil layer,which was significantly higher than that of other fertilization treatments in 162.9%-380.0%;the 3CRUR3 treatment in wheat significantly increased by 29.5%-168.2%compared with CRU treatment.In the 20-40 cm soil layer,the wheat nitrate nitrogen content treated with urea(UR)was significantly increased 83.2%compared with urea(U)treatment.In the maximum efficiency period of wheat potted nutrients,the nitrate nitrogen content content of 3CRUR3 treatment was significantly higher than that of other fertilizer treatments,reached 26.8%to 352.3%.(5)The economic efficiency of urea combined with plant inducer was better than controlled-release urea combined with plant inducer.In the wheat field,the 3CRUR3 treatment had a significant increase of 2361 yuan/hm~2 than the CRU treatment,and the UR treatment significantly increased 3269 yuan/hm~2 compared with the U treatment.In the corn field,the earnings of 3CRUR3 treatment net yield was significantly higher than that of CRU treatment at 1744.7 yuan/hm~2,and the UR treatment net yield was 1598.1 yuan/hm~2 significantly higher than that of U treatment.The CRU coupled with plant elicitor resistance and instant urea coupled with plant elicitor resistance can produce the synergistic effect to significantly enhance the nitrogen supply of the soil during the critical growing period of wheat and corn for further increasing the final production,fertilizer utilization and net profit.The optimum proportion for the wheat was4.5CRUR and the corn was 3CRUR3.And the common proportion for corn and wheat was UR and 3CRUR3.In conclusion,the CRU coupled with plant elicitor resistance achieved the goal of decreasing fertilization and increasing production.