Effects Of Controlled Release Nitrogen And Potassium Fertilizers With Ratios And Application Methods On Growth Of Corn-Wheat And Soil Nutrients

The scientific applied methods of controlled release fertilizers enhanced the yield of corn-wheat, it could solve the problem between plants cultivation and efficient utilization. Nowadays, many researchers done a amount work on the application ratio of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer and applied with Urea, little reaserchers focused on the controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizer and application methods. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the relationships between the yield, soil nutrients and the rate, position, applied methods of controlled release fertilizers. According to analysed the effects of of total uptake dose of N and K, the efficient utilization ratio of CRFs and the effects on soil fertility to achieve high yield of corn-wheat and nutrients utilization. To explore the sustainable development roads of achieving high yield of corn-wheat and efficient utilization in the future, select out some scientific applied methods of CRFs, provide more scientific basic of high plants yield. The main results were as follows:(1) Compared with control and conventional fertilization treatments, controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers enhanced the soil urease activity by 19% and 23% consistently. Compared with the conventional fertilization treatment, the controlled release nitrogen and potassium fertilizers enhanced the rate of corn yield from 0.66% to 7.91%, increased the corn hundred grain weight significantly, promoted the concentration of N and K of grain and straw.(2) Compared with applied by side and bottom, controlled release nitrogen fertilizer applied by cave between plants significantly enhanced the yield of corn, the rate decreased 30% could ensure the yield, applied fertilizer by cave between plants can be used when sowing corn seeds, and 3-5 cm by side with corn seeds can be considered..(3) Controlled release fertilizers improved the yield and income of wheat, compared to conventional fertilizer treatment, the yield improved from 7.79% to 16.49%, and the CR2 treatment improved significantly. Compared to conventional fertilizer treatment, controlled release fertilizers enhanced the income of wheat from 691.46 yuan to 2427.84 yuan,the CR2 treatment income was the highest, and improved the ratio of output to input.(4) During the treatments of applied depth of 5 cm, 15 cm, 25 cm, the treatments of applied depth of 5 cm, 15 cm significantly enhanced the content of total N, available N, available P, available K in 0-20 cm soil layer compared with the conventional application method, the wheat yield enhanced by 15% significantly. When the application depth was 25 cm, the supply of nutrients couldn’t satisfied the demand of plants in the earlier stage, effected the tillering and growth of wheat. The application depth of controlled release fertilzers could be 15 cm in the actual production.