Effects Of Conservation Tillage Measures On Jujube Orchard Soil Physical And Chemical Properties And Yield And Quality Of Jujube In Xinjiang South

The rainfall in Xinjiang South is scarce but the forestry industry plays an important supporting role in economic development.The scientific use of conservation tillage measures can effectively relieve land consolidation,improve soil structure and the quality of jujube fruit as well as increase economic and ecological benefits.In this study,the jujube which planted in Xing Fucheng Farm,the 13 th Mission,the First Division in Xinjiang South in 2007 are selected as the test object.With TF,TS,TB,NB and RB,this study analyzes the effects of different farming practices on the soil moisture,bulk density,organic matter,and quality of jujube fruit in the jujube garden.(1)Effects of Different Tillage Measures on Soil Water Content of Jujube Orchard.Under different farming practices,the soil water content showed a “V” change trend as the date of the jujube grows from long-term to long-term fruit change.In different growth periods,the average soil moisture content was up to 17.46%,and NB was the lowest.In addition,compared with NB,both TB and RB effectively increased the soil moisture content in the 0-100 cm soil layer(TB is higher than RB),and maintained the soil moisture.During the period from April to September,straw mulching measures are superior to bare land and mulching measures.The effect of different treatments on the vertical distribution of soil moisture was studied.Different coverage measures were found to have different effects on improving soil moisture.The soil water storage in the soil covered by straw mulching treatment was 15.54% hi gher than that of bare soil in the 1 m layer of straw mulching treatment.High 7.98%.Coverage with straw is the most significant and can provide a large amount of water for horizontal root absorption.(2)Different tillage measures have different effects on soil compaction,and soil bulk density is compared: NB> TB> RB.For the growth and development of jujube,RB is more conducive to the jujube tree roots to absorb nutrients from the soil.In different periods of soil and jujube tree growth,under different tillage measures,there was a big difference in the increase and decrease of soil bulk density.Under the three cultivation measures,the degree of influence on soil porosity was RB>TB>NB.So,we can concluded that RB was more conducive to the growth and development of jujube trees.Moreover,the soil bulk density at the test site was negatively correlated with the field water holding capacity.(3)Under the different tillage measures,the overall trend of soil temperature during fruit enlargement period,fruit growth and ripening period was basically the same,and the average temperature in six periods was TF>TB>NB>TS.Tillage film is beneficial to the improvement and maintenance of soil temperature.Straw mulching under the condition of straw mulching hinders the increase of temperature and the temperature is relatively stable.(4)Under different tillage treatments,in the 0-20,20-40,40-60 and 60-80 cm soil layers,the organic matter content increased first and then decreased with the progress of the jujube growth period.The content of organic matter in the jujube head was the highest and the flowering period was the lowest.In the 80-100 cm soil layer,the organic matter content in different tillage measures and the change rule of jujube tree development period are quite different.Under tillage mode,straw mulching can significantly increase soil organic matter content and improve soil fertility.The content of nitrogen in the soil was the lowest under BT treatment,indicating that tilling was more conducive to microbial activity and accelerate nutrient absorption.In addition,the same under the cover pattern(naked land),the ploughing treatment was lower than that of no-tillage treatment,and the content of available phosphorus was lower in the jujube orchard soil.Different farming practices have different degrees of influence on the increase of organic matter content in soil,the capacity of alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen,and the availability of available potassium.(5)Under different coverage measures,the effects on secondary branch length and secondary branch length of jujube tree growth were as follows: straw mulching> film mulching> ploughing bare land> no-till bare land.In the mature transformation process of jujube fruit,the nutrients in the body are most changed,and the increase of the secondary branch length and branch length of the jujube tree is convenient to adapt to this reproductive transformation,and straw mulching measures provide a great deal of regulation of soil moisture content and maintenance of nutrients supply.help.Through the analysis of different conservation tillage measures,it was found that straw mulching had a significant effect on the growth of jujube frui.From July 16 to September 26,both jujube fruit size and jujube fruit length were optimal in TS mode.Different coverage model,the effects of fruit longitudinal diameter,fruit horizontal diameter and total fruit weight per plant were as follows: TS>TF>TB>NB.The effect of straw mulching under is superior to other three modes.Under TS,the soluble sugar,the total acid and the VC which was the highest in other farming modles.Therefore,the quality of fruit is the best in straw mulching.In summary,the treatment of straw mulching(TS)can effectively increase the water content of the soil in the jujube orchard,regulate the soil structure,promote the growth and development of jujube trees,and significantly increase the content of soluble sugar and other nutrients in jujube fruit,which actually enhances the fruit of jujube.Quality has certain practical significance for guiding the increase of production and income.