The Effect Of Bio-organic Fertilizer On The Yield Nutrient Absorption Photosynthesis And Quality Of Garlic Shoots

Excessive fertilizer application in agricultural production will not only destroy the soil structure,but also reduce the yield,quality and fertilizer use efficiency of vegetables.It is of great significance to the development of green agriculture that China is now advocating to improve the quality of vegetables and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer on the premise of ensuring that the output does not decline or even improve.The randomized block design method was used to set up 6 treatments:non fertilization（CK1）,100%conventional fertilization（CK2）,chemical fertilizer reduction 10%+200kg/667m² biological organic fertilizer（T1）,fertilizer reduction 10%+400kg/667m² bio organic manure（T2）,fertilizer reduction20%+200kg/667m² bio organic manure（T3）,and chemical fertilizer reduction of20%+400kg/667m² biological organic fertilizer（T4）,the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer and applying biological organic fertilizer on growth physiology,yield,quality,photosynthetic characteristics,nutrient absorption and utilization and related enzyme activity of garlic bolt were studied.The main research results were as follows:1.Compared with CK2,the reduction of 10%²0%+200⁴00kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T1,T2,T3,T4）increased the growth,root activity and nitrate reductase ac tivity of garlic bolt.Under the condition of 400 kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer,the re duction of 20%（T4）of chemical fertilizer was significantly higher than that of 10%（T2）.When the fertilizer was reduced by 20%,the nitrate reductase activity of the lea ves treated with the 400kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T4）was higher than that treat ed with the 200kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T3）.There was no significant differenc e in photosynthetic characteristics,such as chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic r ate of 100%conventional fertilization treatments（CK2）,10%²0%+200⁴00kg/667m²bio organic fertilizer treatment（T1,T2,T3,T4）.2.Compared with 100%conventional fertilization treatment（CK2）,the reduction of10%²0%+200⁴00kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T1,T2,T3,T4）increased the nitrogen use efficiency of garlic bolt.Under the condition of chemical fertilizer reduction 10%,the application of 200⁴00kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T1,T2）improved the nitrogen utilization ratio of 1.0¹.2 percentage points;Under the condition of fertilizer reduction of 20%,the application of 200⁴00kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T3,T4）increased the nitrogen use efficiency by 0.6⁰.8 percentage points.When the amount of fertilizer application was fixed,the nitrogen use efficiency of garlic bolt increased with the increase application of bio organic fertilizer.3.Compared with CK2,with the decrease of chemical fertilizer and the increase of biological organic fertilizer,the yield increased gradually,and the yield of T1^T4increased by 5.9%,13.1%,14.3%and 16.3%,respectively.In terms of input-output rat io,CK2 was 1:2.63,T1 was 1:2.64,T2 was 1:2.64,T2 was 1:2.64,T3 was 1:2.88,and T4 was 1:2.74,indicating that chemical fertilizer reduction 10%²0%and applying bio organic fertilizer could improve the economic benefit of garlic bolt in th e season.Under the condition of chemical fertilizer reduction 20%,the economic bene fits with application of 200 bio organic fertilizer was（T3）better than that with the a pplication of 400 kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T4）;when the amount of bio organi c fertilizer was the same,compared with the fertilizer reduction of 10%,the economic benefit of chemical fertilizer reduction by 20%was higher;therefore,the economic b enefit of the T3 treatment was the highest.4.Compared with CK2,the reduction of 10%²0%+200⁴00kg/667m² bioorganic fertilizer（T1,T2,T3,T4）increased the content of vitamin C,soluble protein and decreased the content of allicin and nitrate in garlic.The vitamin C and soluble protein content of garlic significantly increased with 10%chemical fertilizer reduction and 200⁴00kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T1,T2）,and 20%of chemical fertilizer and 200kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer（T3）had a significant effect on the increase of vitamin C content and the decrease of nitrate content in garlic bolt.20%reduction of chemical fertilizer combined with 400kg/667m²bio organic fertilizer（T4）significantly improved the content of vitamin C and soluble protein and reduced nitrate content.5.Compared with CK2,the reduction of 10%400kg/667m² biological organic fertilizer treatment（T2）and the reduction of 20%200⁴00kg/667m² biological organic fertilizer treatment（T3、T4）on soil around garlic bolt root system,available phosphorus,available potassium,alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,he content of organic matter,the activity of INV and the activity of CAT were significantly promoted.To sum up,the experimental study recommended that 200kg/667m² bio organic fertilizer should be used to replace 20%conventional fertilization,that is,fertilizer application amount:N 34.3 kg/667m²,P₂O₅ 33.9 kg/667m²,K₂O 31.9 kg/667m² and application of 200kg/667m²bio organic fertilizer,not only to save production cost,reduce the pollution of chemical fertilizer to the environment,but also to increase the yield.At the same time,the quality of garlic bolt was significantly improved,fertilizer utilization rate were improved.