The Effects Of Different Proportion Of N,P,K Compound Fertilizeron For Yield And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

In order to study the effects for proportion of N,P,K compound fertilizer on the yield and quality of K326,August 2014-November 2016 a principal cultivated tobacco variety in Nanhua County,A study was made of its economic traits effected by diffrent proportion of N,P,Ktobacco compound fertilizer.And the main research contents and conclusion are as follows:1.The flue-cured tobacco yield and quality of the diffrent proportion of N,P,K tobacco compound fertilizer treatment is better than the other treatment.Five flue-cured tobacco compound fertilizer formulas: A(all as base fertilizer: 12-9-24-2(B)),B(all as base fertilizer: 10-10-25-2(B)),C(all as base fertilizer: 12-12-22-2(B)),D(base fertilizer:10-18-18-1(B)-10(Mg)+ topdressing: 12.5-0-33.5-3(B))and E(conventional compound fertilizer 12-9-24 as the control)were tested.And we found that the plant height,stem circumference,leaf area coefficient,waist and parietal lobe length and width of D treatment than the E treatment were 13 cm,0.8 cm,0.52 cm,3.01 cm × 5.06 cm and 2.96 cm × 4.03 cm,respectively.For D treatment,the tobacco plants grow well but not excessive growth and meet the needs of production in field.The output value increased by 7380.77 yuan / hm2 and that of the superior tobacco has reached 62.3%.The chemical composition was more coordinated.The content of nicotine was lower and the content of potassium oxide was higher than that of other treatments,which was 2.30% and 3.21% respectively.On the whole,the flue-cured tobacco of D treatment has the highest quality of smoking.2.Now we can infer that the fertilizing formulas of D treatment are the best formulas in this study.Then we done a research about different fertilizing methods: the ratio of base fertilizer and topdressing,the period of topdressing application of D formulas.Topdressing accounted for 40% of the amount of fertilizer and applied in 30 days after transplanting possess good quality and production.Compared to CK(no topdressing),topdressing applied in 30 days and 40 days,the 20 days' treatment have more plant height while the stem circumference,pitch were not significantly different among treatments.There was no significant difference in the effects of different fertilization methods on the climate speckle disease,mosaic disease,hebitis and black shank disease,but the trend of brown spot disease increased with the time of dressing and the amount of top dressing.And there were no significant difference about the yield,output value,average price and the superior tobacco ratio between CK and topdressing for 20 days.The average price and superior tobacco of topdressing in 30 days and 40 days had no significant difference compared with the CK,but the yield increased significantly.Among them,treatment with III3(topdressing accounted for 40% of the amount of fertilizer,topdressing 30 d after transplanting)was the best quality: loose leaf structure,maturity,more oil,good appearance,better internal chemical quality.3.We used K326 and Yunyan87 two varieties in treatment of special compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco to investigate the effects of different fertilizer application rates on yield and quality of tobacco plants,agronomic traits and diseases.And we found that the output value of low fertilizers is better than high fertilizers.Compared to low fertilizer,K326 plants have higher plant height and Yunyan87 are inverse in higher fertilizer.There was no significant difference in stem circumference and pitch between the high and low fertilization levels.Climate speckle disease was higher than low fertilization treatment in high fertilizer treatment,while mosaic disease,wildfire disease and black-shank disease had nothing to do with the amount of fertilizer,wildfire disease was only related to tobacco varieties,and brown spot disease was not only related to variety but also affected by fertilizer amount.Compared to low fertilizer,the average price of both the tobacco variety was lower in high fertilizer,And the output of Yunyan87 was higher in high fertilizer.The output of K326 and Yunyan87 was increased by 1750.95 Yuan/hm2 and 8377.82yuan/hm2 in treatment with 120kg/hm2 of pure nitrogen than the treatment with 140kg/hm2,respectively.Appearance quality and chemical composition: There was no significant difference in the appearance quality of tobacco leaves with different fertilizer application rates.The total sugar and chloride content in K326 were significantly higher in high fertilizer application than in lower fertilizer application,but the phenomenon are inverse in Yunyan87.The content of total nitrogen in Yunyan87 was higher with the higher fertilization rate,but it was opposite in K326 variety,while nicotine had no significant difference among treatments.