| Forage is the material basis for the development of animal husbandry.However,the severe shortage of fresh green forage in winter in northern China has caused a certain impact on the development of animal husbandry.In recent years,the state has issued a number of policies and documents aimed at accelerating the adjustment of agricultural planting structure and deepening structural reforms on the agricultural supply side.Among them,“food for grain reform”has been mentioned many times.Forage-type wheat is the winter wheat in the winter or spring season for cutting or grazing,both to obtain pasture and harvest the grain.Forage-wheat has been widely used in foreign countries,and it also has broad application prospects in China,which not only provides a guarantee for solving the shortage of fresh green forage in winter in northern China,but also provides a new way to accelerate the adjustment of planting structure in China.At present,there are few reports on the research and promotion and application of forage wheat varieties in China.Based on this,the characteristics of forage-wheat in 200 different wheat varieties(lines)were screened in the Guanzhong area of Shaanxi Province,and its supporting cultivation techniques were preliminary studied.The main results are as follows:1.The cutting of winter wheat in early winter vegetative growth will reduce the number of tillers in spring,the initial cutting biomass of wheat,the biomass of regeneration and the number of tillers in winter before cutting,the number of tillers in spring after cutting,and the number of tillers in the uncut control spring There was a very significant positive correlation(P<0.01).The first cut biomass of winter wheat was most closely related to its winter tiller number,while the regeneration biomass of winter wheat was most closely related to the tiller number of non-castrated spring wheat.By analyzing the main factors and systematic cluster analysis of 12 indicators of 200 different wheat varieties(lines),such as tillering number,biomass and stress-resistance-related enzyme activity,Zhoumai 32,Zhengmai 132,Zhoumai27,Zhongmai 895,Zhongmai 175,Zhoumai 33,Xiaoyang 58,Xinong 928were selected.,a total of 8 wheat varieties,with good cull biomass and regeneration biomass,and soluble protein content and anti-reverse enzyme activity and other physiology Outstanding performance of indicators,greater potential for both food and feed.2.The cultivation of winter wheat cultivar Xinong 9106 with different cultivation measures shows that the sowing rate has a significant effect on the forage yield of wheat for both grain and forage(P<0.05).The sowing date and cutting time have extremely significant effect on forage yield.(P<0.01).Xinong 9106 has the highest forage yield in terms of sowing date(2017.9.23),earlier than normal local sowing time of about 10 days),normal sowing volume(180,000 seeds per mu),and late winter mowing(2018.1.20),forage yield was 10465kg/hm~2.Sowing date had a significant effect on wheat grain yield(P<0.01).Sowing amount had a significant effect on grain yield(P<0.05),and cutting time had no significant effect on grain yield(P>0.05).The cultivation measures with the highest grain yield are the sowing date for the advance sowing date(2017.9.23),the sowing volume for the larger sowing volume(210,000 seeds per mu),and the cutting time for the pre-winter castration(2017.12.27),the forage yield was 7212.084 kg/hm~2.Compared with wheat produced by a single grain,Xinong 9106 had higher comprehensive economic benefits in terms of early sowing time and higher seeding rate,which was much higher than single grain production.The cultivation measures with the highest comprehensive benefits are sowing in advance(2017.9.23),larger sowing volume(210,000 seeds per mu),and cutting time for pre-winter castration(2017.12.27).The economic return was 18,954.22 yuan/hm~2.In summary,200 different wheat varieties(lines)were evaluated for forage yield,regenerative ability and stress resistance.Zhoumai 32,Zhengmai 132,Zhoumai 27,Zhongmai895,Zhongmai 175,Zhoumai 33,Xiaoyang 58,Xinong 928,a total of eight wheat varieties have good grain and forage dual performance,suitable for planting as a forage wheat variety.The winter wheat variety Xinong 9106 was planted at a relatively high sowing rate of about10 days in advance,and the maximum economic benefit was obtained by cutting in the pre-winter season. |
