| With the kiwifruit planting age growth,continuous cropping problems have become increasingly prominent in kiwifruit orchards.The number of soil microorganisms and soil nutrient quality decline;plant growth and development slows down.Some kiwifruits even have root rot,threatening the safety of orchards.As a new type of environment-friendly organic fertilizers,microbial fertilizers can not only improve soil fertility,but also improve soil micro-ecological environment and regulate plant growth.On the basis of improving the soil,maintain the healthy growth of plants,enhance the plant's resistance to stress,and improve fruit quality.In this paper,field fertilization experiments were applied to study the effects of different microbial fertilizers,compared with traditional fertilization methods.Soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity,microbial biomass,microbial community function and structure diversity,and resistance enzyme and fruit quality of leaves were studied.The determination of the effect of different microbial fertilizers applied to kiwifruit orchard on soil micro-ecology and fruit quality of kiwifruit was discussed.The main findings are as follows:(1)Under the condition of aseptic culture,the seedlings of kiwifruit were cultivated with substrate soil.The results showed that after the application of Bacillus cereus YL6(JF)and Bacillus subtilis C3(KF),the fresh weight and dry weight of JF and KF increased by 18.1%,79.1%,33.3% and 73.3%,respectively compared with CK.And the content of soluble protein in leaves was improved.The nitrate nitrogen content in leaves and roots decreased significantly.The field test results showed that the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in soil increased significantly after applying JF and KF,and the soil enzyme activity and physical-chemical properties of soil increased significantly(the content of soil available phosphorus was increased by 20.3%,9.6%,etc.),pH decreased and the quality of fruit increased(the content of vitamin C was increased by 58.2%,59%,respectively).(2)Under field conditions,two bacteria(Bacillus cereus YL6 and Bacillus subtilis C3)and humic acid were combined and applied to aged kiwifruit rhizosphere soil.The result showed that JKY(combined YL6,Y2 and humic acid)had most significant influence on soil-biology system.Soil ratio of bacteria/fungi increased 9.5% compared with CK,the number of actinomycetes and yeast was increased 11% and 56.4%,respectively;soil enzyme activity increased significantly,effective nutrient content increased significantly,pH decreased;fruit quality was improved.Gray correlation analysis showed,the correlation of fruit quality indicators increasing between the application of JKY was 0.99.(3)Under field conditions,Bacillus subtilis C3 respectively with two kinds of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria(organic-P solubilizing bacteria Y2,inorganic and organic-P solubilizing bacteria YL6)mixed as biocontrol fertilizer CY and CL,were applied to rhizosphere soil of root-rot kiwifruits.Soil microbial activity(AWCD curve)of CY and CL was improved significantly compared with that of untreated diseased plants,RP.And the microbial diversity index increased(Shannon index increased 4.9%,4.2%).The microbial metabolic structure changed.The soil enzyme activity and physicochemical properties index increased significantly(available K content in fruit maturation period was 119.5%,115.4% higher than that of RP),leaf anti enzyme activity and fruit quality increased(activity of CAT increased 116.3%,52.5%compared to RP;the content of soluble sugar was 102%,40.3%higher than that of RP).The above results show that applying microbiological fertilizer to roots of kiwifruit not only can effectively prevent and cure root rot of kiwifruit,and restore rhizosphere soil,but also can optimize the micro-ecology of old-age kiwifruit orchards,promote tree growth,and improve fruit quality of kiwifruit. |
PDF Full Text Request