| Organic fertilizer can regulate the growth of kiwifruit trees and improve fruit quality by improving the content of organic matter in soil and the ability of soil water and fertilizer conservation.In order to further improve the organic fertilizer fertilization technology of kiwifruit and improve the fruit quality of kiwifruit,field fertilization test was adopted in this study.Five-year old’Jinyan’kiwifruit was selected as the test object,and a balanced fertilizer with N(15)-P2O5(15)-K2O(15)content(0.25 kg/plant)was applied as the control(CK).Seven different organic fertilizers(A,B,C,D,E,F,G)were applied together with balanced fertilizer(0.25 kg/plant)as the basic fertilizer for kiwi orchard.The effects of different organic fertilizers(2 kg/plant,4 kg/plant,6 kg/plant)on soil physical and chemical properties,leaf size,relative content of chlorophyll and fruit quality of’Jinyan’kiwifruit orchard were compared and analyzed.The test results are as follows:(1)Combined application of organic fertilizer can increase the total soil porosity and field water capacity of kiwifruit orchard,and reduce the soil bulk density.The improvement is not obvious when the application of organic fertilizer is increased by 2kg/plant,but the effect of organic fertilizer is significant when the application of organic fertilizer is increased by 6kg/plant,and the improvement effect of organic fertilizer on 0-20cm soil layer is better.The soil field water holding capacity in 0-20 cm soil layer was increased by 14.6%compared with CK when C fertilizer was applied to 6kg/plant.The soil bulk density in 0-20 cm soil layer decreased from 1.592 g/cm~3to 1.528 g/cm~3under the treatment of 6kg/plant for B fertilizer,and the soil bulk density in 20-40 cm soil layer decreased from 1.627 g/cm~3to1.593 g/cm~3under the treatment of 6kg/plant for E fertilizer.The soil porosity of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers in the treatment of 6kg/plant with B fertilizer increased by 6.39%and 5.89%,respectively,after picking fruit compared with that before strong fruit fertilizer.Organic fertilizer can improve the’Kim yeon kiwi fruit orchard soil physical properties,increase soil retention performance,make soil more porous,keep the soil permeability,conducive to soil microorganisms and plant root development,and comprehensive analysis shows that B,C,E three kinds of organic fertilizer on 6 kg/fertilizer treatment on soil improvement works best when processing.(2)Testbed soil acidity and low organic matter content and organic fertilizer fertilization improved the soil PH,the harmonic’Kim yeon kiwi fruit orchard soil PH value,at the same time increased the soil organic matter content,to provide more energy sources for soil microorganisms,longer the soil fertility,for kiwi fruit tree growth and development to provide a steady stream of nutrients.The organic fertilizers C and D were more effective in increasing the p H value of the orchard when the application amount was 4kg/plant and6kg/plant,respectively,which were increased by 16.6%and 11.5%compared with CK before fruit fertilizer and 11.6%and 15.9%compared with CK after fruit picking.The application rate of organic fertilizer B,G and E was 6kg/plant,and the soil organic matter content was increased more rapidly and significantly.It was increased by 157.8%,151.9%and 146.1%compared with CK before fattening,and 178.0%,221.0%and 169.0%compared with CK after picking,respectively.(3)Compared with CK,the application of organic fertilizer to a certain extent effectively improved the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil of’Jinyan’kiwifruit orchard,and the soil nutrient content increased with the increase of organic fertilizer application amount.Among the seven different organic fertilizers used in this experiment,three organic fertilizers,A,B and F,have the most significant effect on improving soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content;three organic fertilizers,A,G and F,have the most significant effect on improving soil available phosphorus content;three organic fertilizers,A,C and F,have the most significant effect on improving soil available potassium content.(4)Different organic fertilizer treatments could promote the growth of kiwifruit leaves,and the leaf width and leaf length of the leaves increased with the increase of organic fertilizer application.The maximum leaf length and leaf width both appeared in B organic fertilizer with fertilizing level of 6 kg/plant,which were 3.7%and 4.68%higher than that of CK kiwifruit,respectively.F The effect of organic fertilizer on the improvement of leaf length and leaf width of’Jinyan’Kiwifruit is the least significant.The results of relative chlorophyll content determination showed that the relative chlorophyll content of’Jinyan’kiwifruit leaves tended to be stable in September,and the maximum SPAD was between 60and 65.Organic fertilizer can significantly improve the SPAD value of’Jinyan’kiwifruit leaves,but the relative chlorophyll content is greatly affected by different organic fertilizer,and different application amount of organic fertilizer will have different effects,not all organic fertilizer is more conducive to improve the relative chlorophyll content of kiwifruit leaves,The SPAD value of leaves treated with organic fertilizers E and F reached the highest value at 4 kg/plant,while the SPAD value of leaves treated with five organic fertilizers all reached the highest value at 6 kg/plant.(5)The appearance and internal quality of’Jinyan’kiwi fruit are greatly affected by different organic fertilizers.Applying organic fertilizers increases the longitudinal diameter of fruit,makes the fruit larger,and the weight of single fruit larger,thus affecting the yield.At the same time,the internal quality of kiwifruit was significantly improved by applying organic fertilizer,and the contents of soluble solids,titratable acid,soluble sugar,VC and dry matter in kiwifruit were significantly increased,and the fruit flavor and taste were enhanced. |
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