Breeding For New Seedless Grapevine Varieties With Disease-resistance Using Embryo Rescue And Marker-assisted Selection

Breeding for seedless grapevine cultivars is an important goal of grapevine breeding in the world.Seedless grapevines are well received by consumers,but they are susceptible to disease,resulting in poor quality.Conventional hybridization breeding for seedless grapevine is lower efficiency,while,the embryo rescue technique is very efficient.In this study,European seedless cultivars were as female parent,and some cultivars with high disease resistance were as male parent,such as ‘Beichun'(V.vinifera L.×V.amurensis Rupr.),‘Zuoyouhong'(V.amurensis Rupr.)and ‘Tangwei'(V.davidii Foex.).Young berries were gathered before embryo abortion,and hybrid progenies were collected via embryo rescue in vitro under aseptic conditions.Molecular markers were applied in screening seedlessness or disease resistance of hybrid seedlings.In addition,components of medium for embryo germination were optimized on the base of the present embryo rescue technique,to improve embryo rescue efficiency.Main results were as follows:1.Six hybrid combinations were designed,and 232 strains were obtained.227 of them were domesticated and transplanted in greenhouse.In the medium for embryo germination,the optimal sugar concentration was 2.0%,and 0.5?? GA3 could improve germination and seedling of embryo.2.‘Centennial Seedless' and ‘Kunxiang Seedless' were more suitable for female parent,because their embryo rescue efficiency were better.Moreover,the seedling rate ‘Centennial Seedless' as female parent was the highest(14.4%),and the following one was ‘Kunxiang Seedless' as female parent,whose seedling rate reached 12.7%.3.Two molecular markers for seedless grapevines,such as SCF27-2000 and SCC8-1018 were selected for detecting 124 hybrid progenies.The result showed that 74 hybrid progenies were identified and the seedless rate of hybrid progenies was higher,reaching 59.7%.For resistance to powdery mildew,the molecular marker ScORN3-R was used for 65 hybrid progenies,but the specific brand 760 bp were not detected.