Breeding For New Seedless Grapevine Varieties Using Embryo Rescue And Marker-assisted Selection

Hybridization was carried out between six varieties stenospermocarpic seedless grape and three varieties seeded grape to explore more suitable parents for seedless grape embryo rescue and create a new batch of seedless grape germplasm.Eight hybrid combinations were designed.Three hundred and fifty-seven embryo rescue hybrid lines were obtained by embryo rescue technique with vitro ovules culture,embryo culture,embryo germination,seedling formation and seedling refining carried out.Identify hybrid offspring at early stage using genetic markers by molecular marker-assisted selection and yielded the following results:The genotype of both parents had an effect on embryo rescue.When ‘Moldova'was the male parent,the embryo development rate and seedling rate of the hybrid combination with ‘Ruby Seedless' female parent(embryo development rate:19.19%,seedling rate:9.58%)were the highest.The embryo rescue efficiency of the hybrid combinations with ‘Centennail Seedless'(embryo development rate:5.84%,seedling rate:3.28%),‘Flame Seedless'(embryo development rate:5.54%,seedling rate:1.32%),and ‘Fantasy Seedless'(embryo development rate:2.60%,seedling rate:0.94%)was successively decreased.In the hybrid combination with‘Shine Muscat'as the male parent,the embryo development rate and seedling rate of the combination with‘Flame Seedless'(embryo development rate:5.49%,seedling rate:3.30%)as the female parent were higher than that of the combination with ‘Hershi Seedless' as the female parent(embryo development rate:4.41%,seedling rate:1.04%).The embryo development rate and seedling formation rate of the hybrid combination with Perlette(embryo development rate:7.11%,seedling rate:3.56%)as the female parent were higher than those with ‘hershi seedless'(embryo development rate:3.81%,seedling rate:1.17%)as the female parent.