Response Characteristics Of Different Varieties Of Rice To Climatic Conditions In Heilongjiang Province

Climate change has a great impact on crop production,the research on the response characteristics of rice to climate change has important theoretical and practical significance.In this study,we used the method of replacing time with space,taking early maturing variety Suijing 18,Longjing 21 of second accumulated temperature zone in Heilongjiang Province,the first accumulated temperature zone early rice variety Longdao 21 and Longdao 18 as research objects,and the experiments were carried out in Harbin and Qiqihar.The purpose is to study the growth process of rice and the changes of its yield and quality under different climatic conditions,so as to provide a scientific basis for making reasonable production measures and adjusting the distribution of rice production.The conclusions are discussed as follows:1.The difference of climate factors during the growth period of rice at the two areas is significantThe average temperature difference in paddy field in Harbin is higher than Qiqihar,the daily relative humidity and soil temperature in Harbin are significantly higher than those in Qiqihar,but the sunshine hours and daily radiation are lower than those in Qiqihar.The temperature condition of each rice variety in early filling stage is better than that of Harbin,while that of late grain filling is the opposite.Generally,the large difference of the meteorological factors in the grain filling period was Longdao 21 and Longdao 18.2.The phenology of rice aftertransplanting in Qiqihar area is later than that in Harbin area.The rice varieties Suijing 18 and Longjing 21 suitable for second accumulated temperature zones were more different than those of the suitable first accumulated temperature zone.The sowing to booting stage of Suijing 18 and longjing 21 were more longer than Longdao21 and Longdao 18 in Qiqihar area,but their booting to maturity period was shortened in Qiqihar,while the period of Longdao21 and Longdao 18 was not much different in the two places.3.The difference of climatic conditions in different places has different effects on rice grain filling process.The different climatic conditions in both places have great influence on the dry matter weight of the curve of inflection point of Suijing 18 and Longjing 21,but have little effect on the Longdao 21 and the Longdao 18.The maximum growth of four varieties of strong grains,Suijing 18,Longdao 21 and Longdao 18 disadvantaged grains were not different between the two places,but the weak grains of Longdao21 were significantly higher in Harbin than in Qiqihar.The strong grain filling rate of Suijing 18 and Longdao 21 was higher in Harbin than that in Qiqihar,and the maximum grain filling rate was lower than that in Qiqihar.The average grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate of both disadvantaged grains were higher in Harbin than in Qiqihar.The strong and disadvantaged grain filling rate and maximum grain filling rate in Harbin were higher than in Qiqihar,but there was no significant difference in the average filling rate and the maximum grain filling rate between the Longdao21 strong and weak grains.4.The yield of rice varieties in Harbin was higher than that in Qiqihar.The highestyield of rice was Longdao21 at the same place.The rice varieties have stronger tillering ability in Qiqihar area,but in Harbin area,the potential of obtaining high yield is greater.The continuous growth of rice grain filling in Harbin is beneficial to increase the yield,while the main grain dry weight in Qiqihar area is the weak grain dry weight.Therefore,the larger the grain dry weight of the maximum grain filling rate is,the more beneficial it is to increase the yield.5.The appearance quality and starch gelatinization characteristics of rice in Harbin area are better than those in Qiqihar.The chalkiness rate and chalkiness of Longjing 21,longdao 21 and longdao 18 in Harbin area are all lower than those in Qiqihar area,while Suijing 18 is higher than that in Qiqihar area.The protein content of Suijing 18,Longjing 21 and Longdao 21 were not significantly different between the two places.The protein content of Longdao 18 was higher than that in Qiqihar.The amylose content of four rice varieties in Harbin area is higher than that in Qiqihar area,and the amylose content in Longdao 18 is very obvious.The viscosity and peak viscosity of the rice varieties in Harbin were all higher than that in Qiqihar,while the disintegration values were lower than that of Qiqihar,and the biggest difference between the two areas is the Longdao 21.The peak viscosity and final viscosity values were higher than those of Qiqihar except for Longdao 21.The initial gelatinization temperature of Suijing 18,Longjing 21 and longdao 21 are all higher than those of Qiqihar,while that of Longdao 18 is lower than that of Qiqihar.The viscosity curves of Suijing 21,Longdao 18 andLongdao 21 starch pulp of Harbin area were lower than that of Qiqihar in general,but Suijing 18 was higher than that in Qiqihar.The yield and quality of all varieties in Harbin area were higher than that in Qiqihar,but the yield and quality of the second accumulated temperature zone were lower than that of the first accumulated temperature zone.Although both Longdao 21 and Longdao 18 were early mature varieties of the first accumulated temperature zone,but there has small grain filling differencebetween strong and weak grains of Longdao 21 in Qiqihar,it's more suitable for planting in Qiqihararea than Longdao 18.