Spontaneous Remission In Acute Myeloid Leukemia :A Case Report And Review The Literature

Objective: Myeloid sarcoma(MS) is an unusual tumor; spontaneous remission(SR)of acute myeloid leukemia(AML) is more rarely phenomenon. From the case report and review of the literature, we can gain further understanding of the disease and explore the possible mechanism of SR, which may provide us new clues to treat AML.Method: The detailed clinical features, disease process and outcome of the case were analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed.Result: Similar to most cases, the case was accompanied by a severe infection at diagnose. Spontaneous hematologic, cytogenetic and molecular remission occurred after initiating antibiotic therapy without any chemotherapy. One month later, the patient relapsed in the form of lymph node enlargement which was confirmed as myeloid sarcoma lately and recurred in bone marrow near at the same time.Conclusions: Spontaneous remission especially molecular genetics in patients with AML is a rarely phenomenon, and always transient and liable to relapse. So far, the etiology and mechanism of SR remain unclear, the correlation between feverish infections or preceding blood transfusions has been hypothesized, but was not a prerequisite; Myeloid sarcoma is challenging to diagnose, especially without an antecedent history of AML,it is necessary to product biopsy as soon as possible.