Investigation On Wild Resources Of Spatholobus Suberectus Dunn.and Correlation Analysis And Research Between Natural Ecological Factors And Its Quality

Spatholobus commonly used for the South of China,the 2015 edition of《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》included it as a dense legume beans Spatholobus suberectus Dunn spent the dry cane.It has a high medicinal value and a large demand for medicine.In this paper,based on the investigation of w ild resources in the main producing areas(Guangdong,Guangxi,etc.),coll ect different populations of resources、analysis and research between natu ral ecological factors and its quality,to understand the status of their wild resources and habitat characteristics、growth characteristics and eco logical habits,so as to provide technical support and theoretical basis f or the research of the wild form of Spatholobus suberectus Dunn..The mai n contents of this paper are as follows:Chapter one The literature reviewedExamined a large number of Spatholobus’ wild resources distribution an d relevant literature,summarize the study on its wild resources distrib ution、chemical composition、quality analysis、pharmacological effects and natural ecological factors’ effect on quality.Chapter two Inspection on Spatholobus’ wild resourcesThrough the methods of field investigation,visits,etc.,we have been i nvestigated more than 20 populations of wild Spatholobus in Guangzhou、Mei zhou、Shenzhen、Huizhou、Shaoguan、Qingyuan and Hezhou.Observation noted e very populations’ geographical position(latitude、longitude)、numbers、com panion species、light intensity,slope and slope direction;collected soil samples and herbs samples;also collected herbs samples from Baise、Xishua ngbanna,etc.we have a certain understanding of the present situation of S patholobus’ wild resources in guangdong and guangxi province and status of cultivation base.The destruction of wildpopulation is serious,and the p opulation regeneration is slow.Chapter three Analysis and evaluation of the quality of wild Spatholobus1、Analysis of Quality of Spatholobus in Different PopulationsUse the method in the 2015 edition of《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》append ix XAto determination alcohol-soluble extractive,the content of total fla vonoids was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotpmetry,the conte nt of catechin、L-Epicatechin、formononetin、genistein and Protocatechu ic acid were determined by HPLC.The result of different populations shows that there were significant differences in the contents of these five co nstituents in Guangdong,Guangxi and Yunnan provinces.The same number of rings(3 rings)total flavonoids and five constituents were analyzed by the main component analysis,the quality of Spatholobus in Meizhou Meixian County was the best,Huizhou、Shaoguan and Guangxi take the second,Guan gzhou and Shenzhen was the last;Analysis of cultivated 4、7、9、10 years s patholobus’ quality,the results showed that isn’t the longer the growth pe riod,the higher the chemical composition,the content of total flavonoid s,epicatechin and catechin varied greatly,and thecontent of fermononeti n and genistein changed little.The similarity of fingerprints was calcula ted by《Chinese medicine chromatographic fingerprint similarity evaluatio n system software》(2010 version).The results showed that,Guangdong Pro vince and Guangdong Huizhou region similarity is higher,Guangxi and Guan gdong Huizhou region similarity is also higher,Guangzhou、Shenzhen and Yun nan Xishuangbanna’s similarity are very low.2、Study on the Effect of Resin ring on the Quality of SpatholobusUse the method in the 2015 edition of《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》append ix XA to determination alcohol-soluble extractive,the content of total fl avonoids was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotpmetry,the cont ent of catechin、L-Epicatechin、formononetin、genistein and Protocatechu ic acid were determined by HPLC.The results showed that the contents of c atechins and 1-epicatechin in the different partsof the same plant were obviously changed,but the trend was basically the same.The trendsof var iation in different populations is not the same,with The changes of formo nonetin and genistein were little,and trends are consistent.The trends of variation in different populations is the same.The content of protoca techuic acid had a obvious trend.The content of total flavonoids showed a gentle upward trend with the increase of the number of resin rings,whi le the number of flavonoids in the 6 rings decreased slightly.The result s showed that the content of alcoholic soluble extract increased first wi th the increase of ring number,and the content was higher in 3rings,and then decreased gradually in different trends.3、Analysis of Quality of Spatholobus in Different Ring partsUse the method in the 2015 edition of《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》append ix XA to determination alcohol-soluble extractive,the content of total fl avonoids was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotpmetry,the cont ent of catechin、1-epicatechin were determined by HPLC.The results showed that the contents of alcohol-soluble extract,total flavonoids,catechins and epicatechin in different ring parts were basically increased from th e inside out(except the outermost round),and then went down,And the co ntent of the extracts and epicatechin in the middle part of the sample fl uctuated slightly,while the total flavonoids and catechins fluctuated mo re slowly Most of the samples in the 3-5 round when the content is basica lly the highest,then gradually decreased,while the most one round of th e content are low.4、Analysis on the Quality of in Ground and UndergroundThe content of total flavonoids was determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotpmetry,the content of catechin、L-epicatechin.formononetin、genistein and protocatechuic acid were determined by HPLC.The results sho wed that there are some differences between the chemical components in di fferent parts,the content of total flavonoids was less than that of unde rground,and the root content was less than that of stem;catechins,epic atechin,formononetin,genistein content are less than the underground pa rt of the ground part;the content of protocatechuic acid is different bet ween underground part and ground part in different populations.Chapter four Quality and soil nutrient correlation ana lysis and ecologic al factors ana lysis and comparison1、Study on the Correlation between Soil Nutrients and Spatholobus’ Quali tyThe contents of soil pH,organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosph orus,total potassium,hydrolysable nitrogen,available phosphorus,avail able potassium,available B,available Mo,available Cu,available Zn,av ailable Fe,available Ca,available Mn and available Mg were determined.The content of chemical compositions of Spatholobus and soil nutrient was an alyzed by SPSS 17.0 Statistical Software,the principal component analysi s were used to extract principal component of soil factors and establishe d regression equations.The results show that:Total potassium had no effect on the content of total flavonoids;tota 1 phosphorus,available Mo,hydrolysable nitrogen and available Fe had a little effect;available Mg and soil pH has a great promoting effect;ava ilable phosphorus,available Cu and available Zn had a great inhibitory e ffect.Total phosphorus,total nitrogen,organic matter,total potassium,av ailable Mo,available Zn,available Mn and available Fe have little effec t on the content of catechin;available Mg,soil pH and available Ca had a great promoting effect;available phosphorus,available B hydrolysable nitrogen and available Cu had a inhibitory effect.Available Fe had no effect on the content of L-epicatechin;organic ma tter,total phosphorus,total potassium,hydrolyzable nitrogen,available B,available Mo,available Zn and available Mn had a little effect;avail able Mg,soil pH and available Ca had a great promoting effect;Available P,available Cu had a inhibitory effect.The organic matter,total nitrogen and total potassium have little ef fect on the content of formononetin;total phosphorus,available Mo has a g reat promoting effect,followed by available Cu and available Ca;availabl e Zn has a Obvious inhibitory effect,followed by available Mn.Available B has no effect on the content of genistein;soil pH,organi c matter,total nitrogen,hydrolysable nitrogen,available potassium and available Mn have little effect;available Mo has a Obvious promoting eff ect,followed by available Cu and total potassium;available Zn and availa ble Ca has a Obvious inhibitory effect,followed by availableMg and Avail able P.2,Study on the Correlation between Climatic Factors and Quality of Spath olobusCollected the main climatic data of each place in city,Partial corre lation analysis of climatic factors and the content of chemical compositi ons of same rings,Spatholobus used by SPSS17.0 software.The result shows that:the content of total flavonoids was significantly positively correl ated with the average sunshine hours,and negatively correlated with extr eme minimum temperature and annual average rainfall;the content of catech in was not correlated with the climate factors,only with the average suns hine hours shohwed a positive correlation;the content of 1-epicatechin has a positive correlation with the average sunshine hours,and negatively c orrelated with theextreme maximum temperature and annual average rainfall.Chapter five Conclusion1、Spathololbus’wild populations are mainly distributed in the Northern Guangdong,Guangdong,northeast,Guangdong and western Guangdong and par ts of the mountain County;the southern part of mountain forests in Guang xi;Yunnan is mainly distributed in southern Yunnan.Spatholobus is mainly distributed in subtropical laurel forest forest or secondary Mao Zhuli n,commonly grows along the hillside Valley on both sides of the rich wa ter,Rare seedlings in wild populations,companion species are abundant.Th e characters and characteristics of different wild populations are differ ent.Spatholobus’ cultivation regionsare mainly distributed in Guangdong,M eizhou and Guangxi,Hezhou and etc.,there are single cropping and bionic s wild cultivation of two kinds of cultivation.2、The contents of alcohol soluble extract,total flavone,protocatech uic acid,catechin,1-epicatechin,formononetin and genistein were determ ined,analysis HPLC fingerprints,systematically Comprehensive analysis and evaluate the quality of different populations,ring lines and different ring areas.The result shows that the content of alcohol soluble extracts has reached the requirements of《Chinese Pharmacopoeia》;the content o f 1-epicatechin and catechin is relatively high,the content of epicatechi n and catechin should be in Spatholobus’ quality control system(the conten t of 1-epicatechin not less than 1.5mg/g,the content of catechin not les s than 0.9mg/g);protocatechuic acid,formononetin and Genistein can be u sed as reference forquality control and evaluation of Spatholobus.The qua lity of Spatholobus in Meizhou Meixian County was the best,Huizhou、Shaog uan and Guangxi take the second,Guangzhou and Shenzhen was the last.No d amage to the environment of populations of Caulis Spatholobus quality is excellent,and the quality suffered wild populations after logging and de struction is relatively poor.The results of HPLC fingerprinting showed th at the distance of geographic location had a certain influence on the com position of secondary metabolites.3、There were significant differences in the contents of otal flavonoi ds,catechins and 1-epicatechin in different rings of Spatholobus,no defi nite change law between resin ring number;the changes of formononetin and genistein were little.The number of rings cannot be used to evaluate th e quality of Spatholobus.4、Spatholobus’ Cortex,pith and xylem in the chemical group content was relatively low,the secondary metabolites mainly concentrated in the r esin ring parts.5、available Ca,available Mg and soil pH have a great promoting effect on the content of total flavonoids,catechin and L-epicatechin,available Mo and available Cu have a Obvious promoting effect on formononetin and g enistein;Available P and available Cu have a Obvious promoting effect on total flavonoids,catechin and L-epicatechin,available Zn has a obvious i nhibitory effect on formononetin and genistein;Total potassium,total phos phorus and available Fe have little effect on total flavonoids,catechin a nd L-epicatechin;organic matter and total nitrogenhave little effect on f ormononetin and genistein.the content of total flavonoids was significant 1y positively correlated with the average sunshine hours,and negatively correlated with extreme minimum temperature and annual average rainfall;t he content of catechin was not correlated with the climate factors,only w ith the average sunshine hours showed a positive correlation;the content of 1-epicatechin has a positive correlation with the average sunshine hou rs,and negatively correlated with theextreme maximum temperature and ann ual average rainfall.