The Roles Of Immunoreaction And TGF-?/Smads Signaling Pathway In Scar Formation

Fibrosis repair is one of the main repair processes to heal the wound in tissue and cells.Excess fibrosis will lead to the pathological scars which on the patient's physical and psychological health have a significant impact.The immune reaction is the one of the factors related to the scar formation,and has drawn more and more attention.The first part of this article reviews the research advance of scar formation and its immunity mechanism,discusses the roles of transforming growth factor-? and TGF-?/Smads signaling pathway in the process.Based on them,the article also describes the prospects of the prevention and management for scar.The common treatments for facial scars including skin flap transplantation,expanded skin flap transfer and so on,which have different advantages and disadvantages.The second part is a case-report that one patient with facial scar treated by skin tissue expansion technology.The therapeutic process includes two stages.At the first stage,we implanted expanders into the subcutaneous pocket under the skin.At the second stage,expanders were taken out and the scar was removed,then the expanded skin flap was rotated to cover the defective area.The treatment is successful in this case.