Study On Prevalence Of Pressure Ulcers In A Tertiary Teaching Hospital

[Background]Pressure ulcers, also known as pressure sores, bedsores and decubitus ulcers,is localized damage to the skin and/or underlying soft tissue usually over a bony prominence or related to a medical or other device.Pressure ulcer is a common clinical complication. In the United States, each year nearly 1 million patients developed pressure ulcers, while the cost of treatment is 1.6 billion U.S. dollars.Pressure Ulcer surveys show: the prevalence of pressure ulcer in the acute hospital is 10% to 18%; Pressure ulcers may cause painful for patients, increasing social and family's financial burden, mean while to bring great difficulties to care. Pressure ulcer is a worldwide health problem, most common in elderly and fragile bedridden patient. More and more medical facilities using pressure ulcer prevalence as nursing quality indicator and to evaluate the effectiveness of pressure ulcer prevention guidelines. Many countries conducted national pressure ulcer prevalence survey, such as USA, Netherlands, Australia. etc.[Objective]To investigate the prevalence rate of pressure ulcer, learn its occurrence status, analyze the risk factors and provide the basis for preventing pressure ulcer.[Methods]?The hospitalized patients participated in the study and were investigated by using questionnaires of prevalence rate of pressure ulcer on February 2,2016 and May3,2016 and August 2,2016 and November 1,2016. The results were analyzed by unified tools, ways and judgmental criteria. ?all hospitalized patients who aged 18 or above and admitted before midnight and consented to participated were included except outpatient department, ?Exclusion criteria:pediatric unit, patients who cannot be examined on the spot,psychiatric unit and the patients with hemodynamic amenability instability.?Database: all data from each hospital were mailed to set up the database after checked for missing value. and the incomplete questionnaire was eliminated; ?Data analysis: using SPSS to analyze the data, using rate, percentage,mean and standard deviation for descriptive analysis.[Results]In 2016, a total of 17066 patients were enrolled in the 4 survey. A total of 327 patients with pressure ulcers were screened out, including 13 patients with hospital acquired pressure ulcers,The total number of pressure ulcers in patients with pressure sores is 587, and the average pressure ulcer patients suffer from 1.79 pressure sores.?The overall prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in the sample hospital was 1.92%,in which hospital-acquired pressure ulcers was 0.07%.?Age: the prevalence was 0.42% in 18-40year-old. 0.82% in 41-60 year-old,3.02 % in 61-80 year-old,and was highest(7.61%)in inpatient who above 81 year-old. ?Pressure ulcer location and stage:The most common location was sacrum/coccyx, ?stage 11(40.89%)was predominant in this study.?Specialty: Prevalence was highest in ICU(18.13%) and lowest in comprehensive ward(0.97%),surgical ward was 1.4%, medical ward was 2.41%. ?The proportion of patients with Pressure Ulcer Dressing accounted for 37.40%,The second stage and the second stage of pressure sore patients using pressure reducing pad, air cushion bed or sponge pad accounted for 57.65%, The implementation rate of turn over measures was 75.64%.?There are 13 patients with new pressure ulcers in the sample hospital, the total number of patients suffering from pressure ulcers is 22, Patients suffer from 1.68 pressure ulcers per person. There were 2 patients with 3 pressure ulcers,5 patients with 2 pressure ulcers,and 6 patients with 1 pressure ulcers; including 8 male patients, 5 female patients.[Conclusion] ?In 2016, the 4 survey showed that the overall prevalence rate of pressure ulcers in the sample Hospital was 1.92%, and the incidence of hospital acquired pressure ulcers was 0.07%;The prevalence rate of patients with pressure ulcers increased gradually with the increase of the age of hospitalized patients. The most common stage of pressure ulcers was stage ?,and the sacrum was the most important protective site for pressure ulcers;?The results of the 4 investigation in 2016 can guide the formulation and implementation of preventive measures for pressure sores in hospitals, and provide preliminary baseline data for other related studies.