| Experiments were conducted to study the effects of alfalfa saponins on mice irradiated with X-rays.To investigate whether alfalfa saponins have protective effects on irradiated mice.This study selected 100 SPF male Kunming mice(body weight=20±2 g)that were randomly divided into negative control group(NC),positive control group(PC)and alfalfa saponins protection group(AP).Negative control group and positive control group were given normal saline while alfalfa saponins protection group were given different concentrations of alfalfa saponins(25 mg/m L,50 mg/m L and 100 mg/m L)by intragastric administration.According to 0.1m L/10 g.bw once a day for consecutive days,intragastric administration had been done for a period of 28 days.On the 29 th day all groups except for the negative control group were given systemic disposable X-rays uniform irradiation with the dose rate 1.0 Gy/min,and irradiation doses were 2.0 Gy,4.0 Gy and 6.0 Gy.Mice were sacrificed 72 hours after irradiation.This experiment was divided into three small experiments:Exp.1: It was to analyze the effects of alfalfa saponins on hematopoietic system of X-rays irradiated mice.Experimental results show:(1)Effects of 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponins on polychromatic erythrocytes(PCE)micronuclei in bone marrow of mice and malondialdehyde(MDA)content in liver of miceCompared with the negative control group,the PCE micronucleus rate in the bone marrow of mice and the content of MDA were decreased because of 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponins by intragastric administration,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).(2)Effects of alfalfa saponins on white blood cells(WBC),red blood cells(RBC)and platelets(PLT)in peripheral blood of mice exposed to X-raysBefore exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray,mice were given alfalfa saponins which could reduce the degree of reduction on the number of WBC,RBC and PLT in peripheralblood of mice exposed to X-ray.With the increase of alfalfa saponins concentration,the degree of the number rising of WBC,RBC and PLT in peripheral blood of mice decreased.The number of WBC,RBC and PLT in the peripheral blood of 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The WBC and PLT of the peripheral blood of 100 mg/m L alfalfa saponin group were slightly higher than those of the control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).After received different doses of X-rays,the number of WBC,RBC and PLT in peripheral blood of positive control group was significantly lower than that of negative control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).With the increase of irradiation dose,the number of WBC,RBC and PLT in peripheral blood of mice decreased significantly.(3)Effects of alfalfa saponins on nucleated cells(BMC)of mice irradiated with X-raysBefore exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray,mice were given alfalfa saponins which can increase the number of BMC in the bone marrow of irradiated mice.With the increase of alfalfa saponins concentration,the degree of the number rising of BMC in bone marrow of mice decreased.Although the number of BMC in bone marrow of mice in50 mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group and 100 mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group had an increasing trend,the difference was not statistically significant.The number of BMC in bone marrow of mice of 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.01).After received different doses of X-rays,the number of BMC in the positive control group was significantly lower than that in the negative control group(P<0.01).With the increase of irradiation dose,the number of BMC decreased significantly.As for the administration of 25 mg/m L,the number of BMC in the bone marrow of mice irradiated with 2.0 Gy and 4.0 Gy irradiation could be significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant,compared with the positive control group(P<0.01).Preventive given 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin,the number of BMC in bone marrow of mice exposed to 6.0 Gy X-ray was slightly higher than that of positive control group(P<0.05),but the difference was not significant.(4)Effects of alfalfa saponins on PCE micronucleus in bone marrow of mice exposed to X-raysBefore exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray,mice were given alfalfa saponins which could significantly reduce the PCE micronucleus rate of mouse bone marrow.With theincrease of alfalfa saponins concentration,the degree of reducing the PCE micronucleus rate of mouse bone marrow decreased.The PCE micronucleus rate in bone marrow of mice treated with alfalfa saponins at 50 mg/m L and 100 mg/m L was not statistically significant,compared with the control group.The PCE micronucleus rate in the bone marrow of mice in 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).After received different doses of X-rays,the PCE micronucleus rate of bone marrow in positive control group was significantly higher than that in negative control group(P<0.01).With the increase of irradiation dose,the PCE micronucleus rate in the bone marrow of mice increased more significantly.Preventive given 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin,the PCE micronucleus rate in bone marrow of mice with irradiation by different doses of X-rays was significantly lower than that of the positive control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Exp.2: It was mainly about the effects of alfalfa saponins on immune organs of mice exposed to X-rays.Experimental results show:Before exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray,mice were given alfalfa saponins which could significantly reduce the degree of decrease of thymus index and spleen index of X-ray irradiated mice.With the increase of alfalfa saponins concentration,the degree of increasing of thymus index and spleen index of the mice decreased.The thymus index and spleen index of the mice treated with alfalfa saponins at 50 mg/m L and 100 mg/m L were not significantly different from those in the control group(P>0.05).The thymus index and spleen index of the mice treated with alfalfa saponin at 25 mg/m L were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).The thymus index and spleen index of the mice in the positive control group were significantly lower than those in the negative control group with different doses of X-rays irradiation(P<0.05 or P<0.01).With the increase of irradiation dose,the thymus index and spleen index of mice decreased more significantly.Preventive given25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin,could significantly reduce the thymus index and spleen index of mice exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray irradiation,and the difference was statistically significant compared with the positive control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Exp.3: It was conducted to determine the effects of alfalfa saponins on antioxidant system of mice exposed to X-rays.Experimental results show:Before exposed to 4.0 Gy X-ray,mice were given alfalfa saponins which could increase the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and catalase(CAT)in the liver of mice irradiated by X-rays irradiation,and it also decreased the content of MDA.With the increase of alfalfa saponins concentration,this trend weakened.The activity of SOD,GSH-Px and CAT in liver of mice in 25mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01).The content of MDA in liver of mice in 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin protection group was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.01).After received different doses of X-rays,the activity of SOD,GSH-Px and CAT in the liver of mice in the positive control group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group(P<0.01).With the increase of irradiation dose,the degree of decrease was more obvious.With 25 mg/m L alfalfa saponin for preventive,the activity of SOD,GSH-Px and CAT was significantly higher than that in the positive control group(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the content of MDA was decreased significantly(P<0.01).In conclusion,alfalfa saponin has a protective effect on the hematopoietic system,immune organs and antioxidant system of the mice to a certain extent. |
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