Research On Surface Antigen And The Ultrastructure Of P Cells In Peripheral Blood Of Schizophrenia

Objective: To study the surface antigen and the ultrastructurel changes of peripheral blood P cells in patients with schizophrenia,and to explore the possible function of P cells in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of schizophrenia.Methods: 50 cases of peripheral blood samples collected was divided into two groups,of which 25 cases of schizophrenia(Male 12,female 13,age: 32.84 ± 2.21),25 cases of normal control group(Male 18,female 7,age: 30.40 ± 1.76).And all samples were smeared and stained by Wright method for lymphocytes classification.Mononuclear cells were isolated by Percoll TM,a kind of solution for lymphocyte separation.CD4+,CD8+ and B lymphocytes were purified from mononuclear cell suspension by immunomagnetic beads method,and one part of the obtained cell suspension was used for smear to identify the phenotype of P cells.And the other was used for electron microscopy after stained by Uranium dichloride-lead citrate to study the ultrastructure.Peripheral blood lymphocyte surface antigens were detected by flow cytometry in schizophrenia and normal controls.Results: The percentage of P cells in peripheral blood of schizophrenia was 34.53 ± 9.92,which was higher than that of normal person(9.79 ± 3.45),and the difference was significant.P cells were observed in the smear of CD4+,CD8+,B lymphocyte subtypes isolated from peripheral blood of schizophrenia.The p cells are characterized as cytoplasmic basophils,large nuclear,increased ration of nuclear and cytoplasm,irregular nuclear shape,and one or two nucleoli were often present.The chromatin structure was leptochromatic.No difference observed among the groups.P cell electron microscopy structure is characterized as large size,less cytoplasm,large nuclear,increased ratio of nuclear and cytoplasm,irregular nuclear shape,rich euchromatin,clumping heterochromatin,and one or two nucleoli were often present.clumping Mitochondria with enlarged and destroyed cristae were ofen obserbed in cytoplasm.microvilli were abundant in cell surface.The normal lymphocytes under the electron microscope was characterized as medium size,the cytoplasm was abundant with organelles,the nucleus were often round or oval,the cell size was moderate,the nucleus often round or oval,heterochromatin was more often than euchromatin and distributed around the nucleus or in the middle of the nucleus.There were little microvilli on cell surface.The subset of two groups were detected by flow cytometry.The percentages of CD4+ surface antigens in schizophrenia was 38.64±1.68,which was increased comparing with normal person(35.17±1.26)and so was the absolute count(schizophrenia,1019.16±130.75;normal,667.86±49.88).The percentages of CD19+ surface antigens in schizophrenia was14.06±1.06,which was increased with normal person(10.42±0.6)and so was the absolute count(schizophrenia,428.06±107.22;normal,209.02±31.04).While the percentage of CD16+CD56+ surface antigen was decreased(schizophrenia,11.81±1.22;normal,16.19±1.60).The differences were all significant.Conclusion: The percentage of peripheral blood P cells in schizophrenia was significantly increased.P cells were contained in all three subset of including CD4+,CD8+,and B lymphocyte.The ultrastrcture difference between the P cell and normal lymphocytes were big size,increased ratio of nuclear and cytoplasm,rich euchromatin and one or two nucleoli were often present.Clumping mitochondrias with enlarged and destroyed cristae were ofen obserbed in cytoplasm.The percentage and absolute count of CD4+,CD19+ in schizophrenia lymphocytes were increased and the persentage of CD16+CD56+ decreased.