Research Of Starfish Base Source And Improvement Effect Of Starfish Polysaccharide On GIOP In Mice

Osteoporosis has become a worldwide health issue,especially in the elderlies.The incidence of osteoporosis keeps increasing.Due to the overuse of glucocorticoids,the incidence of glucocorticoids induced osteoporosis(GIOP)keeps climbing over these years.Currently,there are no effective therapies for the treatment of osteoporosis.On the contrary,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)has the function of overall adjustment,and TCMs have been widely used for the treatment of osteoporosis.Starfish,a Traditional Chinese Medicine,was commonly used for the treatment of rheumatism,impotence and other diseases.Previous work has shown that the starfish polysaccharides could promote the proliferation of osteoblasts,but the in vivo effect was unknown.Therefore,the aim of this thesis is to study the role of starfish polysaccharides in the use of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis.Currently,the research and application of starfish did not receive much attention.The base source of starfishes was not clear,and the efficacy of starfish polysaccharide was also not evaluated.Therefore,the purpose of this study is to investigate the base source of starfish and to evaluate the effect of starfish polysaccharide on glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in mice.Firstly,we investigated base source of starfishes.In China,starfish was recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica,which was Classical Chinese medicine classics,and subsequently was recorded in Chinese Medicinal Animal Records and Chinese Materia Medica,etc.However,different species of starfishes were recorded in various pharmacopeia,and the base source of starfishes was still disorder.The earliest recorded species of the medicinal starfish were: C.hesperus,S.equsetris(Retzius),A.pectinifera,A.amurensis L�tken and A.rollestoni Bell.However,only three starfish were recorded in the Liaoning,Shandong provincial standard of modern medicine: A.pectinifera,A.amurensis L�tken and A.rollestoni Bell.These starfishes are star-shaped,with five wrists,flat back with small thorns.Longitudinal grooves exist on the back of A.amurensis L�tken,and the wrists are compressed inward.No longitudinal grooves exist on the back of A.rollestoni Bell.Obvious membrane structures connect the spines of A.pectinifera and the wrists are short.In terms of geographical distribution,C.hesperus and S.equsetris(Retzius)mainly distributed in the field of the East China sea and the South China Sea,A.pectinifera,A.amurensis L�tken and A.rollestoni Bell mainly distributed in the Bohai sea and Yellow sea areas.Secondly,the extraction of starfish polysaccharide was carried out by the method of acid extraction and enzyme extraction.The content of polysaccharide in starfish was 37.68%.We established osteoporosis mice model by dexamethasone,and 100mg/kg and 300mg/kg starfish polysaccharide were administered for six weeks.During this process,we determined the food intake,changes in body weight,organ index,bone density,bone length and bone morphology.The results showed that starfish polysaccharide increased food intake and the weight of mice,organ index of spleen and uterus,bone density and bone length,brought the biochemical parameters back to normal,decreased the organ index of liver and kidney,and made bone marrow cavity smaller.The results show that the starfish polysaccharide could effectively improve osteoporosis induced by glucocorticoid.To summarize,indentifying the base source of the starfish will provide guidance for the harvest of starfishes.Starfish polysaccharide improved the GIOP in mice,suggesting that it is a promising compound that can be developed into therapies against osteosprosis.