| BackgroundIntertemporal Choice(IC)refers to the decision making process in which we choose between different results occurred on different time options of future,which needs decision makers to face tradeoff of gain and loss of the present and future(Frederick,Loewenstein,2002).Mainstream theories assume that the process of Intertemporal Choice was to discount the relatively delayed value(Large-Later,LL)of two alternative options to a relatively earlier point of time and then compared with the value of the relatively earlier point of time(Smaller-Sooner,SS);New priority models hold that time is a dimension equal with value,and individuals tend to compare the difference between dimensions of delay and outcome before deciding in a single dimension when selecting between SS and LL.However,"Dimension theory" is a method to build "dimensions' differences" and emphasize "differences in the dimension" that it has a black mark.Based on the above,this study is carried out by adjusting the internal and external condition of participants,changing the types of the task and to analysis the cognitive mechanisms and neural basis of Intertemporal Choice by using event related potentials(ERPs)data of high temporal resolution.ObjectiveDissecting the Cognitive Processes and Neural Mechanisms of the behavioral data and ERPs data on Intertemporal Choice,A process test of "discount theory" or "dimensions theory" from Intertemporal Choice?MethodsA large number of college students in Henan provincs participated in the study of Intertemporal Choice,66 participated in Experiment.There were 3 factors in the task,3(Sign Effects: gains,draw,losses)2(Task difficulty: easy and difficult)3(Delay interval: day / three days,day / week,three days / week)7(Brain areas: central parietal lobe,parietal lobe,parietal occipital lobe,occipital lobe).Two factors of electrode position also included in the analysis: 6(formerly to six row electrode: FP,F,FC,C,CP,P)3(electrode position).By using E-prime2.0 and decision-making tasks to draw the test behavior data and EEG data with the event related potential technology(ERPs).The application of SPSS13.0,Neuroscan 4.5 is statistical processing of data.Results1.The results of behavioral data1.1 When losing the game,the immediate choice reaction percentage(66.34 ± 19.81)is significantly higher than the percentage in the game when win the game and the draw(41.26 ± 13.23,50.64 ± 15.76)from Intertemporal Choice.1.2 When winning or losing(1125.23±66.53,1191.52±55.19),the reaction time is significantly longer than it of the draw(968.79±77.22);The reaction time of the difficult tasks(1421.65 ± 63.81)is significantly longer the easy task;In easy task,the reaction time of losing the game is significantly longer than winning the game and the draw,while the opposite result in the difficult tasks.2.The results of ERP2.1 In the left PFC,the difficult tasks evoke greater amplitude of N1 and P2 than the easy tasks when losing the game,and in the left PFC,the difficult tasks evoke greater amplitude of N1 than the easy tasks when winning the game,while the opposite result of P2.2.2 The difficult tasks evoke greater amplitude of N1 than the easy tasks of the Sign Effects;In the left PFC,when winning or losing the evoked N1 is greater amplitude than Methodsthe draw;In the difficult tasks,when winning or the draw the evoked N1 and P2 is greater amplitude than the losing.Conclusion1.The process of Intertemporal Choice was to discount the relatively delayed value on the Sign Effects.2.With increasing task difficulty,the process of Intertemporal Choice is turned from discounting to the heuristic dimension as the dysfunction of execution control function.3.The immediate choice is not impulsive decision from Intertemporal Choice. |
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