The Research On The Patterns Of The High-frequency Monosyllable Speech Verbs In Contemporary Chinese

Pattern Grammar is a kind of corpus-driven grammar to study the way of how to use vocabulary. Vocabulary itself has special characteristics so it can attract words to constitute a pattern,so, the vocabulary selects the pattern. Vocabulary may have many patterns.Vocabulary enter a certain pattern have certain aspects in common, therefore, the pattern selects the vocabulary. A pattern may select a series of vocabulary, these vocabulary are related in meaning.There are three rules to determine a pattern.First standard is high-frequency co-occurrence between vocabulary and vocabulary.Second standard is to constitute a significant match.Third standard is that the pattern needs to have a solidified meaning. Pattern grammar pays more attention to the use of words, whether it is regular use.Therefore, pattern grammar plays a very important role in the process of second language teaching.Speech verbs are closely related to the human language communication activities, and also the more important class of verbs.Modern Chinese balance corpus of the State Language Corpus shows that in coverage of 50% of the high-frequency verbs table, there are six high-frequency monosyllabic speech verb, namely,"shuo, jiao,wen,jiang,tan,han".According to corpus-driven method,we use Excel and EmEditor software to extract sentences containing "shuo, jiao,wen,jiang,tan,han" sucessively.Then through in-depth observation and analysis of the resulting data,we determine their patterns, and analyze the syntax, semantics, pragmatics characteristics of these Pattern. Further compare their patterns.The following conclusions are:Some patterns are shared by some words,and some patterns are specific to a particular word."shuo, wen,jiang,tan" can enter the pattern of "V+n/np","shuo, jiang,tan,han" can enter the pattern of "p+r/n/np+V","shuo, tan" can enter the pattern of "n/np +V ","jiao,han" can enter the pattern of "V+r+n/np". Although some words may share a same pattern, but may have difference in choosing particular words."shuo" also has unique patterns "v+(r/n)+shuo" "r+shuo" "r+shuo+ne" "shuo+adj+ ye+bu+adj" "ni+shuo+adj/v+bu+adj/v " "(r)+v+r+ shuo+de""shuo+shenme+ye+X"" d/c+hua+you+shuo+huilai". "tan" also has unique patterns"tan+duixiang/lian'ai/pengyou"."jiao" also has unique patterns, "jiao+r+ v""yao+jiao+wo""r+jiao+shenme+n/np".Pattern Grammar, not only allows us to have the precise statistics to know whether it is the typical use of the vocabulary, more importantly, can help us explore the similarities and differences between the specific usage of the vocabulary.