| Folk belief study is an important research field of ethnology. Fubo belief was popular in Lingnan area and Wuling area. People worshiped the Fubo general Lu Bode and Ma Yuan. Youshui river was an important river in Wuling area. And it was also the place that Ma Yuan crusaded against the rebellion. Therefore, Fubo belief only refers to Ma Yuan in this paper. Guzhang Lao Siyan was a major wharf and goods collecting and distributing center in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Fubo temple of Lao Siyan was typical in Youshui river basin, so selecting Lao Siyan for the field. Based on historical data, inscriptions and survey data, to study function change of Fubo belief since the Qing Dynasty.Fubo belief was closely linked with the cultural habitat of Youshui River Basin. Therefore, the Youshui basin geographical environment and Lao Siyan natural and social environment were discussed. And trace the history of Fubo belief in Youshui River Basin. At the same time, combination with literature and field data, set forth Fubo Temple location, spatial distribution, Fubo belief activities and so on. Research on The Fubo Temple of Youshui river basin, there were a wide range of Fubo belief in Youshui River Basin in the past. It had demonstrated a different function in the Tang and Song dynasties, Ma Yuan from Loyalty God to Water God. And Water God had been extended to the Qing Dynasty. Lao Siyan was a important wharf in Youshui river. By literature consulting and field investigation, especially the inscriptions of Fubo Temple, confirmed the Lao Siyan Fubo belief existed as Water God. Fubo God protected shipping safety. Because it was given priority to with water Youshui river basin, but there were dangerous shoals. In addition, Lao Siyan had become a place that goods distribution. However, after the Republic of China, due to the social order out of control, road construction, and the loss of commercial status and so on, resulting in the function change. Ma Yuan gradually became disaster praying, presided over the justice of the omnipotent God. The article aim to reflect historical and social changes in Xiangxi through function change of Fubo belief since the Qing Dynasty. |
