Research Of The Egg-Shell Thin Stem Cup Of The Longshan Period In Shandong Province

Egg-shell thin stem cup is a landmark implement of the Longshan period in Shandong province,which is famous for its as thin pottery as eggshell,not only representing the highest level of pottery technology in the Neolithic Age,but also being the important task in studies of the Longshan period.As one of important remains of prehistoric culture,egg-shell thin stem cup includes multi-aspects and multi-level archaeological cultural information.The study over egg-shell thin stem cup is not only perfection over important links in prehistoric pottery history,but also involvement with how to know about prehistoric social presence in Northern China in later Neolithic Period,as well as further understanding about great contribution made by Longshan period as to origin and development of Chinese civilization.Based on academic achievements made by previous scholars about prehistoric pottery in China,the thesis attempts to make systematic and comprehensive study over egg-shell thin stem cup.The distribution scope of egg-shell thin stem cup is concentrated mainly in Yaoguanzhuang style,Yinjiacheng style,Yaowangcheng style and Jiaochangfu style of Longshan Period in Shandong and egg-shell thin stem cup are only unearthed from tomb site rather than residence site.According to development changes,egg-shell thin stem cup can be classified into three periods from formation,development to recession,which development and evolvement process of a shape.Egg-shell thin stem cup of Longshan period develops from Gu-form cup and stem cup of Dawenkou period and finally declines in Yueshi Period,which is one necessary historical process.A large amount of time and mature technology is needed to make egg-shell thin stem cup,whose process can be divided into many molding procedures including: pug making and preparation,segmented throwing,precise carving,bonding,firing in kiln and polishing and so on.The possibility of molding is eliminated basically for that through comparing unearthed egg-shell thin stem cup one by one,there is no two instruments completely the same.The production,circulation and consumption of egg-shell thin stem cup is closely related to complex society of Longshan period,which is strictly controlled by upper class.Egg-shell thin stem cup is special pottery products with high degree of labor intensity in the Neolithic Age,becoming luxury buried with the dead as sacrificial vessel.