Speech Category Learning In The Development Dyslexia: The Role Of The Executive Function And Its' Cognitive Training

Speech category learning is the most important cognition in human being.It is the frontiers of category learning research.As we know,the dual learning system,which is also called the COVIS,is the most important theory in category learning domain.Dual-system models of speech category learning posit the existence of an explicit,hypothesis-testing reflective system,as well as an implicit,procedural-based reflexive system.The reflective and reflexive learning systems are competitive and neurally dissociable.Although research about speech category learning had done in children,adolescents,adults,the aged and individuals with elevated depressive symptoms,little is known about the effects of speech category learning in developmental dyslexia.As category learning would help to reduce cognitive overhead,which is helpful to the developmental dyslexia,researches about developmental dyslexia will be more important.Previous studies have suggested that procedural learning in individual with dyslexia is impaired.Research about incidental auditory category learning proves the conclusion.However,within the context of the study,verbal working memory was not correlated with incidental auditory learning and only Spoonerism test did.Although speech learning has been considered as the procedural learning,which is less affected by working memory,working memory involves in speech processing.For this reason,the research will explore the role of executive function in speech category learning in developmental dyslexia.Based on the basic research,cognitive training will be taken in developmental dyslexia.About 10-day,5-hour cognitive training is done to improve the cognitive skills,which will facilitate the speech category learning in developmental dyslexia.The research shows that:(1)The memory capacity in developmental dyslexia is lower than typical children of the same age,but only the reaction time in inhibition control task is longer than typical children in significant level;(2)Speech categorylearning in developmental dyslexia is impaired and it is related to memory capacity and reaction time of go/no-go task significantly,which means that speech category learning may be affected by executive function;(3)Cognitive training,which include working memory training and inhibition training,will improve cognitive ability of developmental dyslexia and facilitate their speech category learning.Our results demonstrate that executive function play an important role in speech category learning in developmental dyslexia.Critically,cognitive training,which contains working memory training and inhibition training,will improve cognitive ability in individual with dyslexia and facilitate speech category learning.