Research On The Art Aesthetic Thoughts Of Winckelmann

In the eighteenth century,as the European intellectuals rapidly rising interest in ancient Greek and Roman art,new classical art.It calls back to the ancient literary creation model,explore how to find the essence of art.The art movement on the one hand,is in the first half of the eighteenth century,occupy the dominant position in the field of art,has a gorgeous,exaggeration,affected the characteristics of the baroque style of public outrage;At the same time,also artists have a desire to revive the Greek and Roman art may go.As the representative of the German enlightenment aesthetics under the special historical background of German society at that time,winkelmann and other scholar's main purpose is to fight for national unity,arouse people's national consciousness.With the aid of ancient Greek art,they express the advocation and pursuit of ideal human nature,yearning and expectation for an ideal society.Winkelmann,Germany for the backward,repressed society to revisit a perfect society,and the social inclusion is the most impressive place individual freedom,this is a humanitarian side winkelmann theory.Winkelmann peculiar neoclassicism aesthetics theory,on the one hand,to absorb the rationalism aesthetics think art fountain directly lies in itself,and therefore more strongly moved by the people,and art must behave and nature;On the other hand he also inherited the British empirical philosophy and aesthetics thoughts,think that the main task is to pursue a certain aesthetic ideal of art,imagination,emotion and aesthetic studies in the first place.At the same time,his esthetics thought is the combination of rationalism and empiricism,the sensation of human knowledge(emotional)and thinking(rational)combined with thinking,emphasizes the emotional and rational,and that the combination of both to create the "perfect,free people" in ancient Greek society.Winkelmann,as the pioneer of the neoclassicism,he thinks that beauty is the ultimate goal of the highest.The highest beauty is the most pure,is also the light,it does not need to know people philosophy,also do not need to seek the heart of passion and its performance.And throughout human history,to realize the ideal of beauty only the art of ancient Greece,so he called for the artist at the time of creation must be following the example of learning ancient Greek art.At the same time,his pioneering thought that the development of art is not invariable,it will be as the change of The Times and with different style,whereby he would be divided into the ancient Greek art,noble,elegant,imitate the four kinds of style.Winkelmann,as the 18 th century western aesthetics research,the pioneer of the study of the history,his influence is extremely profound.He not only created a scientific and systematic study of a new era of art history,more profoundly influenced the later theorists,as critics have pointed out that future generations,"winkelmann lessing's work works continue to";Held "winkelmann,want to be a history of literature research"."Goethe and Schiller is undoubtedly lessing and direct successor of winkelmann.His research at the time not only set off a wave of return to the ancient Greek,more become indispensable an important part of the German enlightenment.